Belgium Travel Guide

Language & Culture

Belgium is a fascinating melting pot of languages and cultures, uniquely divided into three main linguistic communities: Dutch-speaking Flanders in the north, French-speaking Wallonia in the south, and a small German-speaking community in the east. This linguistic diversity is one of the defining characteristics of Belgium, influencing its rich cultural heritage, social dynamics, and even political structure.

Dutch, or Flemish as it is often called in Belgium, is spoken by about 60% of the population. It closely resembles the Dutch spoken in the Netherlands but has distinct pronunciations and local expressions. French, spoken by roughly 40%, dominates in Brussels (the capital) and Wallonia, reflecting historical ties with France. German is spoken by less than 1% but holds official status in certain eastern municipalities.

Belgian culture is a dynamic blend of these communities, producing a vibrant tapestry of traditions, festivals, cuisine, and arts. The country boasts a long tradition of artistic excellence, from the Flemish masters like Pieter Bruegel and Rubens to surrealists like René Magritte. Belgium is also the birthplace of the comic strip heroes Tintin and The Smurfs, highlighting its significant contribution to global pop culture.

Food is a key cultural element, with Belgian waffles, chocolate, beer, and fries celebrated worldwide. Each region brings its own culinary specialties, such as the rich stews of Wallonia and the seafood delicacies along the coast. Beer culture is especially strong, with Belgium home to over a thousand varieties including Trappist ales, lambics, and saisons.

Social etiquette varies with the linguistic region, but politeness, punctuality, and respect for privacy are generally valued across the country. Festivals play a major role in Belgian life, showcasing centuries-old traditions alongside modern music and arts events, such as Tomorrowland and the Carnival of Binche.

Multilingualism is a practical skill for many Belgians, who often switch fluidly between Dutch, French, German, and English. This makes traveling through Belgium an enriching experience, exposing visitors to different languages and cultural nuances within short distances. Whether wandering through the cobbled streets of Bruges, exploring Brussels’ cosmopolitan vibe, or hiking in the Ardennes, the country’s cultural diversity will impress and inspire.

In summary, Belgium’s linguistic landscape is more than just a means of communication; it shapes the identity, history, and day-to-day life of its people. For travelers, understanding and appreciating this diversity enhances any visit, revealing the warmth and complexity behind this small but extraordinary European nation.

20 Basic Dutch/French/German Phrases

Travel Tips

• Carry a small phrasebook or use a translation app for language assistance.
• Public transport is efficient and reliable — trains, trams, and buses cover most areas.
• Pack comfortable walking shoes; many cities have cobblestone streets.
• Visit during shoulder seasons (spring and autumn) for fewer crowds and pleasant weather.
• Try to learn basic etiquette rules: punctuality is appreciated and tipping is customary but modest.
• Always have some cash, as smaller shops and markets may not accept cards.
• Be mindful of language regions — addressing locals in their native language is appreciated.
• Purchase a Belgian Rail Pass if planning multiple train trips to save money.
• Check opening hours of museums and shops; many close early on Sundays.
• Respect local customs, especially in small towns and rural areas.

Top Destinations

• Brussels: Capital city known for Grand Place, Atomium, and EU institutions.
• Bruges: Charming medieval city famous for canals and cobblestone streets.
• Ghent: Vibrant university city with stunning architecture and lively cultural scene.
• Antwerp: Fashion capital and home to the famous diamond district.
• Ardennes: Scenic forested hills perfect for hiking and outdoor activities.
• Leuven: Historic university town with beautiful old buildings.

Best Hotels

• The Royal Savage, Brussels – Boutique luxury near Grand Place.
• Hotel De Orangerie, Bruges – Romantic canal-side hotel in the historic center.
• 1898 The Last Inn, Ghent – Cozy boutique hotel in the heart of Ghent.
• Hotel Matador, Antwerp – Stylish hotel close to the train station and city center.
• Château de Lalux, Ardennes – Luxury castle hotel with beautiful grounds.

Local Cuisine

• Belgian waffles (Brussels and Liège styles).
• Famous Belgian chocolates and pralines.
• Moules-frites (mussels with fries), a national favorite.
• Belgian beer varieties – Trappist, lambic, gueuze, and more.
• Stoofvlees (Flemish beef stew).
• Speculoos cookies and other regional pastries.

Transportation

• Efficient train network connects major cities and towns.
• Trams and buses provide good urban and regional coverage.
• Brussels Airport is the main international gateway.
• Bike rentals popular in cities like Ghent and Bruges.
• Car rentals are convenient for exploring rural areas like Ardennes.

Weather & Climate

Belgium has a temperate maritime climate with mild summers and cool winters. Expect frequent rain throughout the year, so pack an umbrella or raincoat. Summers (June to August) are pleasant with temperatures around 20-25°C (68-77°F). Winters (December to February) can be chilly, averaging 0-6°C (32-43°F), with occasional snow.

Currency & Costs

Belgium uses the Euro (€). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted, but having some cash is handy for smaller vendors and markets. Typical daily expenses vary by region, but budget travelers can expect to spend around €50-70 per day, including accommodation, food, and transport.

Safety & Health

• Belgium is generally safe with low crime rates.
• Pickpocketing can occur in tourist areas; stay vigilant.
• Health care is excellent; carry travel insurance.
• Tap water is safe to drink.

Festivals & Events

• Tomorrowland (July): One of the world’s biggest electronic dance music festivals held near Boom.
• Carnival of Binche (February): Famous UNESCO-recognized traditional carnival featuring ‘Gilles’ in unique costumes.
• Gentse Feesten (July): 10-day cultural festival with music, theater, and street performances in Ghent.
• Brussels Flower Carpet (August): Stunning floral display in Grand Place every two years.

Shopping & Souvenirs

• Belgian chocolates and pralines.
• Local beers and beer-related merchandise.
• Handmade lace from Bruges and Brussels.
• Comic books and memorabilia.
• Waffles and specialty food items.

Major shopping streets include Meir in Antwerp and Rue Neuve in Brussels.

Nightlife & Entertainment

Belgium offers vibrant nightlife options:

• Brussels’ bars and clubs around the Grand Place and Saint-Géry area.
• Live music venues in Ghent and Antwerp.
• Cozy pubs serving local beers throughout the country.
• Festivals often feature evening events and parties.

Etiquette & Customs

• Greet with a handshake or three kisses on the cheek (common in Wallonia and Brussels).
• Use formal titles and last names unless invited to use first names.
• Be punctual for appointments and social events.
• Respect the linguistic divide; address people in their preferred language.
• Tipping is polite but not obligatory, typically rounding up or 5-10% in restaurants.

Useful Resources

• Official Tourism Website of Belgium
• Brussels Airport Info
• Belgian Railways (SNCB/NMBS)
• Visit Flanders
• Visit Wallonia
• Belgian Government Information
• European Union – Brussels Info

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)