🇧🇼 Travel Guide for Botswana
Table of Contents
1. Destination Overview
Botswana, a landlocked nation in the heart of Southern Africa, stands as a beacon of stability, democracy, and exceptional wildlife tourism. Renowned for its progressive conservation policies and high-value, low-impact tourism model, the country offers some of the most exclusive and pristine safari experiences on the continent. The landscape is one of dramatic and captivating contrasts, dominated by the vast, semi-arid Kalahari Desert, which covers approximately 70% of its territory. Yet, in the northwest, this aridness gives way to one of nature’s greatest miracles: the Okavango Delta. This sprawling inland delta, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is a maze of sparkling lagoons, meandering channels, and palm-fringed islands that teem with an astonishing concentration of wildlife. This juxtaposition of desert and delta creates a unique ecological tapestry that supports an incredible diversity of flora and fauna, making Botswana a premier destination for discerning travelers seeking an authentic and unspoiled African wilderness adventure.
The commitment to conservation is the cornerstone of Botswana’s identity. With nearly 40% of its land dedicated to national parks, game reserves, and wildlife management areas, the country has created vast, unfenced wilderness areas that allow animal populations to roam freely. This approach has fostered some of the largest and most stable wildlife populations in Africa. Chobe National Park, in the north, is particularly famous for its enormous elephant herds, estimated to be the largest single concentration on the continent. A boat cruise along the Chobe River at sunset, witnessing herds of elephants drinking and playing at the water’s edge, is a truly iconic and unforgettable safari experience. The nation’s tourism model focuses on minimizing human impact, favoring small, intimate luxury lodges and camps over mass-market tourism. This ensures that the wilderness remains wild and that visitors can enjoy exclusive, crowd-free game viewing, a rarity in many other popular safari destinations.
Beyond the flagship destinations of the Okavango and Chobe, Botswana’s diverse landscapes offer further adventures. The Makgadikgadi Pans, one of the largest salt flat complexes in the world, present a surreal and otherworldly environment. During the dry season, these vast, shimmering white expanses create a sense of profound space and silence. After the rains, the pans are transformed into a shallow lake, attracting massive flocks of flamingos and triggering the second-largest zebra and wildebeest migration in Africa. This region is also home to ancient baobab trees and offers unique cultural interactions with the San people, one of the oldest cultures on Earth. Similarly, the Central Kalahari Game Reserve, a vast and remote wilderness, offers a starkly beautiful desert experience, where visitors can track desert-adapted wildlife like the black-maned Kalahari lion and cheetah, and experience a profound sense of solitude under star-filled skies.
Botswana’s success story extends beyond its natural treasures. Since gaining independence in 1966, it has maintained a stable, multi-party democracy and has managed its diamond wealth prudently, investing in infrastructure, education, and healthcare. This political stability and economic prosperity make it an exceptionally safe and easy country to travel in. The people of Botswana, the Batswana, are known for their gentle, welcoming, and peaceful nature. A journey here is not just about witnessing spectacular wildlife; it’s about experiencing a nation that has found a harmonious balance between development, conservation, and cultural preservation. It is a destination that offers not just a vacation, but a deep and meaningful connection with the wild heart of Africa, promising an experience that is as enriching as it is breathtaking.
Back to Top2. Best Time to Visit and Why
Choosing the best time to visit Botswana is a critical decision that will fundamentally shape your safari experience, as the country’s climate and wildlife behaviors are dictated by two distinct seasons: the dry season and the green season. The undisputed peak season for wildlife viewing is during the dry winter months, from May to October. During this period, there is virtually no rainfall, the skies are clear and blue, and the temperatures are pleasant during the day, although evenings and early mornings can be surprisingly cold, sometimes dropping near freezing. The lack of rain means that vegetation thins out and water sources become scarce. This forces wildlife to congregate in large numbers around the permanent water channels of the Okavango Delta and rivers like the Chobe, making them easier to spot. The visibility is excellent, and the concentration of animals at these water sources creates spectacular and dramatic game viewing opportunities, solidifying this as the classic and most popular time for a Botswana safari.
The heart of the dry season, from July to September, offers the absolute prime conditions for a traditional safari. The floodwaters of the Okavango Delta, which travel slowly from the Angolan highlands, typically reach their peak during these months, creating the iconic landscape of shimmering lagoons and channels perfect for exploring by mokoro (traditional dugout canoe) or motorboat. The density of animals along the Chobe River is at its highest, with enormous herds of elephants and buffalo providing constant action. This is also the best time for walking safaris and for accessing more remote areas of the national parks, as the tracks are dry and passable. However, this is also the busiest and most expensive time to travel. Accommodation at the exclusive camps and lodges must be booked far in advance, often more than a year, to secure a spot during these coveted months of unparalleled wildlife sightings.
In contrast, the green season, which runs from November to April, offers a completely different but equally rewarding experience. This period corresponds with the summer months and is characterized by the arrival of the rains, typically in the form of dramatic but short-lived afternoon thunderstorms. The landscape undergoes a radical transformation, with the parched brown earth bursting into a vibrant, lush green. This is the calving season for many antelope species, which in turn attracts predators, leading to exciting and dynamic predator-prey interactions. The birdwatching during the green season is absolutely phenomenal, as thousands of migratory birds arrive, filling the air with color and song. While the dense vegetation can make spotting mammals more challenging, the quality of the sightings is often excellent, with healthy, well-fed animals and adorable young ones.
The green season is also a time of significant advantages for certain types of travelers. It is considered the low season, which means that accommodation prices are often considerably lower, and there are fewer other tourists, allowing for a more intimate and exclusive wilderness experience. For photography enthusiasts, the dramatic stormy skies, vibrant green backdrops, and clear air (free from the dust of the dry season) create stunning photographic opportunities. This is also the best time to visit the Kalahari Desert and the Makgadikgadi Pans, as the rains attract the spectacular zebra migration and fill the pans with water, drawing massive flocks of flamingos. Ultimately, the choice between seasons depends on your priorities: the dry season offers easier and more concentrated game viewing, while the green season offers lush landscapes, fantastic birding, baby animals, and better value for money.
Back to Top3. Top Destinations and Best Hotel
Botswana’s reputation as a premier safari destination is built on a handful of iconic, world-class wilderness areas, each offering a unique and unforgettable experience. The crown jewel is undoubtedly the Okavango Delta, a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of the most extraordinary ecosystems on the planet. This vast inland delta is a maze of crystal-clear lagoons, winding channels, and palm-studded islands that form where the Okavango River flows into the Kalahari Desert. The result is a water-logged oasis that supports an astonishing density and diversity of wildlife. The quintessential Delta experience involves exploring these pristine waterways by mokoro (a traditional dugout canoe), silently gliding past herds of red lechwe, hippos, and crocodiles, or navigating the deeper channels by motorboat. The surrounding islands and floodplains offer superb game drives, with frequent sightings of lions, leopards, wild dogs, and a myriad of plains game. For an unparalleled luxury experience in the heart of the Delta, Mombo Camp, located on Chief’s Island, is legendary. Often called the “place of plenty,” it is renowned for its exceptional concentration of predators and offers an unmatched level of luxury and expert guiding.
To the northeast of the Delta lies Chobe National Park, another of Botswana’s flagship parks, most famous for hosting the largest concentration of elephants in Africa. The park’s most accessible and popular area is the Chobe Riverfront, where the river forms the border with Namibia. A river cruise here, especially in the late afternoon, is a safari highlight, offering incredible opportunities to watch massive herds of elephants drink, bathe, and play at the water’s edge. The scene is often shared with large pods of hippos, enormous crocodiles, and a stunning variety of water birds. Beyond the elephants, the riverfront supports huge herds of buffalo, zebra, and various antelope, which in turn attract a healthy population of lions and leopards. The Savuti region of Chobe is another legendary area, known for its dramatic predator interactions, particularly the historic clashes between its lion prides and hyena clans. For a luxurious riverside retreat, the Chobe Game Lodge is the only permanent lodge located inside the national park, offering stunning views, exceptional service, and unique all-female guiding teams.
Providing a stark and beautiful contrast to the lush waterways of the north are the Makgadikgadi Pans, a vast expanse of shimmering salt flats that are the remnants of a gigantic ancient lake. During the long dry season, this landscape is an otherworldly spectacle of white, cracked earth stretching to the horizon, creating a profound sense of space and silence. Adventures here include quad biking across the pans, sleeping out under a blanket of brilliant stars, and visiting Chapman’s Baobab, one of the oldest and largest trees in Africa. During the green season, the pans are transformed. The rains fill them with water, triggering the spectacular migration of thousands of zebras and wildebeest and attracting massive flocks of flamingos that turn the pans pink. It’s also a fantastic place for cultural interaction with the local San people. To experience the magic of this unique environment, Jack’s Camp offers a classic and romantic 1940s-style safari experience, complete with elegant canvas tents, expert guiding, and unique activities like walking with meerkats.
For those seeking ultimate remoteness and a true wilderness adventure, the Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR) is an ideal choice. This is one of the largest and most remote reserves in Southern Africa, a vast and semi-arid landscape of fossilized river valleys, sand dunes, and sparse vegetation. It is not a place for checking off a list of big game but rather for immersing oneself in a harsh and beautiful desert environment. The CKGR is famous for its desert-adapted wildlife, including the magnificent black-maned Kalahari lions, cheetahs, brown hyenas, and elusive antelope like gemsbok and springbok. The experience here is about solitude, silence, and connecting with a truly wild place. The camps are few and far between, ensuring an exclusive experience. The combination of these diverse destinations—from the watery wonderland of the Delta to the vast salt pans and the remote desert—is what makes a Botswanan safari so varied and utterly compelling.
Back to Top4. Language & Culture
The culture of Botswana is a rich and harmonious blend of tradition and modernity, characterized by a deep sense of national unity and a peaceful, democratic spirit. The country has two official languages: English and Setswana. English is the language of government, business, and secondary education, making it widely spoken and understood in urban areas and throughout the tourism industry. This makes communication for international visitors remarkably easy. However, the heart and soul of the nation’s culture reside in Setswana, the national language spoken by the vast majority of the population. The various ethnic groups that make up the nation are collectively known as “Batswana” (the singular form is “Motswana”). While there are several different ethnic groups with their own distinct traditions, a strong and unified national identity has been fostered since independence, centered around shared values and the Setswana language.
A central pillar of traditional Batswana culture is the “kgotla,” the traditional meeting place found in every village. This is a public courtyard, often situated under a large tree, that serves as the village’s administrative and judicial center. It is where community issues are discussed, disputes are resolved, and important decisions are made under the guidance of the village chief (kgosi). The kgotla system embodies the democratic and consultative principles that are deeply ingrained in the national psyche, encapsulated by the Setswana proverb “kgosi ke kgosi ka morafe” (a chief is a chief by the will of the people). This tradition of consensus-building and public discourse has played a significant role in shaping the country’s modern, stable democracy. For visitors, understanding the importance of the kgotla provides insight into the respectful and orderly nature of Botswana’s society.
Cattle hold an immensely important place in the culture and economy of Botswana, a significance that extends far beyond their monetary value. They are a symbol of wealth, social status, and are central to many traditional ceremonies and transactions. Historically, cattle were the primary measure of a family’s standing in the community. They are still used for “bogadi,” or bride price, where the groom’s family presents cattle to the bride’s family as a sign of respect and to formalize the union between the two families. The importance of cattle is woven into the language and daily life, and the country’s vast, unfenced grazing lands are a testament to this pastoral heritage. This deep connection to livestock has shaped a culture that values patience, responsibility, and a long-term perspective.
The people of Botswana are renowned for their gentle demeanor, politeness, and warm hospitality. Respect for elders is a fundamental cultural value, and greetings are an important social ritual. It is customary to greet people politely before beginning any conversation. While modern influences are prevalent in cities like Gaborone, traditional values remain strong, especially in rural areas. Family is the core of the social structure, with strong kinship ties binding communities together. Art and music are also integral to the culture, with traditional song and dance often performed at social gatherings and celebrations. The San people of the Kalahari have their own unique and ancient culture, famous for their intricate knowledge of the natural world, their trance-like healing dances, and their beautiful ostrich-eggshell jewelry and rock art. Experiencing this cultural richness provides a deeper, more meaningful dimension to a Botswana safari.
Back to Top5. Festivals & Events
Botswana’s cultural calendar, while perhaps not as densely packed as those of some other nations, is marked by a number of vibrant festivals and events that celebrate the country’s unique heritage, arts, and modern identity. These events provide a fantastic opportunity for visitors to engage with the local culture beyond the safari circuit and to witness the pride and creativity of the Batswana people. The most prominent and long-standing arts festival in the country is the Maitisong Festival. Held annually in the capital city, Gaborone, typically around March or April, this week-long extravaganza is a celebration of music, dance, theater, and visual arts. The festival showcases a diverse lineup of both local and international performers, transforming the city into a hub of creative energy. It is a major highlight of the Gaborone social calendar and provides a platform for emerging Botswanan artists to display their talents to a wide audience.
For those interested in a more modern and adrenaline-fueled event, the Khawa Dune Challenge & Cultural Festival is a unique and exciting spectacle. Held annually in May in the small village of Khawa, deep in the Kgalagadi Desert, this event combines motorsport with cultural celebration. The main attraction is the grueling desert race, where 4×4 enthusiasts and professional drivers test their skills and vehicles against the challenging sand dunes. Alongside the motorsport action, the festival showcases the culture of the Kgalagadi region, with traditional music and dance performances, local food stalls, and craft markets. It’s a thrilling event that highlights the adventurous spirit of Botswana and offers a glimpse into life in the Kalahari, blending contemporary passion with deep-seated cultural traditions.
National pride is on full display during Botswana’s public holidays, the most important of which is Independence Day, celebrated on September 30th. This day commemorates the country’s peaceful transition to independence from Britain in 1966 and is a time of great national celebration. The main events take place in Gaborone at the National Stadium, featuring parades by the Botswana Defence Force, traditional dance performances, and speeches by national leaders. The atmosphere across the country is festive, with people dressing in the national colors of blue, white, and black, and celebrating with family and friends. Another important public holiday is Sir Seretse Khama Day on July 1st, which honors the country’s first president, a revered figure who is credited with laying the foundations for Botswana’s success as a stable, democratic, and prosperous nation.
In addition to these major national events, a number of smaller, regional festivals celebrate specific aspects of Botswana’s diverse culture. The Toyota Kalahari Botswana 1000 Desert Race, typically held in June near Jwaneng, is the biggest motorsport event in Southern Africa, attracting thousands of competitors and spectators for a challenging off-road race. In the northern town of Maun, the gateway to the Okavango Delta, cultural festivals sometimes take place to showcase the traditions of the various ethnic groups in the region, such as the Hambukushu and the Bayei. While the festival scene may be more understated than in other countries, the events that do take place are authentic expressions of Botswana’s identity, celebrating everything from artistic talent and sporting prowess to national heritage and cultural pride. Timing a visit to coincide with one of these events can add a rich and memorable layer to a Botswana itinerary.
Back to Top6. Local Cuisine
The local cuisine of Botswana is a hearty, traditional, and deeply satisfying reflection of the country’s agricultural and pastoral heritage. It is not a cuisine of elaborate spices or complex techniques, but rather one that emphasizes simple preparation methods and a reliance on a few key staple ingredients. The foundation of almost every traditional meal is “bogobe,” a thick porridge made from sorghum, maize (corn), or millet meal. Bogobe is the equivalent of rice or potatoes in other cultures and serves as the starchy base for the meal, onto which other dishes are served. It can be prepared to be firm (bogobe jwa lerotse) or soft (slap pap), and its neutral taste makes it the perfect vehicle for soaking up the flavors of the accompanying stews and meats.
The national dish of Botswana, and a source of immense cultural pride, is “seswaa.” This dish consists of meat—usually beef, but sometimes goat or lamb—that is slow-cooked for several hours in a traditional three-legged cast iron pot over an open fire, with only salt and a small amount of water. The long, slow cooking process makes the meat incredibly tender, to the point where it can be shredded or pounded into a fine, floss-like texture. Seswaa is a celebratory dish, almost always prepared for important occasions like weddings, funerals, and national holidays. It is a symbol of community and togetherness, as the lengthy cooking and pounding process is often a communal activity. Served atop a bed of bogobe, seswaa is the ultimate taste of traditional Botswana, a simple yet profoundly flavorful dish that embodies the nation’s love for beef.
Beyond seswaa, the cuisine features a variety of other stews and relishes, known as “morogo.” This term can refer to wild greens, similar to spinach, or to a range of other vegetable dishes cooked with onions and tomatoes to accompany the bogobe. Beans, such as cowpeas, are also a common and important source of protein. In a country where cattle are king, beef is the most prized meat, enjoyed not only as seswaa but also grilled over hot coals, a style known as “braai,” which is a popular social activity across Southern Africa. Vetkoek (meaning “fat cake” in Afrikaans) is another beloved food, a deep-fried dough ball that can be eaten plain or filled with minced meat. In the regions around the Okavango Delta and Chobe River, fish, particularly bream, is also part of the local diet.
For the more adventurous foodie, Botswana offers some unique local delicacies. The Mopane worm, the caterpillar of the emperor moth, is a traditional and highly nutritious snack. These caterpillars are harvested from the Mopane tree, squeezed to remove their gut contents, and then either boiled and salted or dried to be eaten as a crispy snack. While it may be an acquired taste for foreign visitors, it is a sustainable and important source of protein in many rural communities. To wash everything down, traditional beverages include “bojalwa,” a cloudy and slightly sour sorghum beer brewed in villages, and Madila, a form of soured milk that is a popular and refreshing drink. Exploring Botswana’s cuisine provides a delicious insight into a culture that is practical, communal, and deeply connected to the land.
Back to Top7. Transportation
Transportation in Botswana is a tale of two distinct worlds: the highly specialized and efficient network that serves the safari tourism industry, and the more limited public transport system used by the local population. For the vast majority of international tourists visiting the premier wilderness areas, the primary mode of transport is the small aircraft. The vast distances between safari camps and the remote, often inaccessible nature of destinations like the Okavango Delta make air travel a necessity. A network of light aircraft, typically single-engine Cessna Caravans, operates as a “bush taxi” service, ferrying guests from the main safari hubs of Maun and Kasane to dusty airstrips located deep in the bush. These charter flights are an integral and often thrilling part of the safari experience, offering breathtaking aerial views of the sprawling delta, winding rivers, and vast plains before you even touch down at your lodge.
Once at a safari lodge or camp, transportation is provided as part of the all-inclusive experience. The main activity is the game drive, conducted in specially modified open-sided 4×4 Toyota Land Cruisers or Land Rovers. These vehicles are designed for optimal wildlife viewing and photography, and are driven by expert local guides who have an intimate knowledge of the terrain and the animals. In the water-based areas of the Okavango Delta, the iconic mode of transport is the “mokoro,” a traditional dugout canoe. A mokoro excursion is a serene and magical experience, as you are poled silently through the shallow, lily-pad-covered floodplains by a local guide, allowing for an incredibly close and personal connection with the environment. Motorboats are also used for exploring the larger, deeper channels of the Delta and for river cruises on the Chobe River.
For those looking for a more independent and adventurous way to explore the country, self-driving is a popular option, but it requires careful planning and a robust vehicle. Outside of the main paved highways that connect major towns like Gaborone, Francistown, Maun, and Kasane, the roads are often rough sand or dirt tracks. A high-clearance 4×4 vehicle is absolutely essential for navigating the national parks and reserves. Self-drivers must be completely self-sufficient, carrying extra fuel, water, food, and emergency communication devices like a satellite phone, as mobile phone reception is non-existent in the bush. This option offers incredible freedom but is best suited for experienced off-road drivers, as getting stuck in a remote area can be a serious situation. Several reputable companies in Maun and Kasane rent fully equipped 4x4s for these expeditions.
Public transportation for long-distance travel is available but is primarily used by locals and is not generally geared towards tourists. A network of buses and smaller minibuses (known as “combis”) connects the main towns and villages along the paved road network. These are a very affordable way to travel and can be a great cultural experience, but they can also be crowded and may not adhere to strict schedules. There is no passenger rail service in Botswana. Within towns like Gaborone and Maun, local taxis are available, but they do not typically use meters, so it is important to agree on a fare before starting your journey. For most safari-goers, however, the seamless and highly organized system of charter flights and lodge-based vehicles remains the most practical and efficient way to experience the wild heart of Botswana.
Back to Top8. Weather & Climate
Botswana’s climate is best described as semi-arid, with a subtropical desert climate dominating most of the country. It is a land of sunshine, with over 300 days of clear skies per year. The country experiences very distinct seasons, defined not by four seasons in the European or North American sense, but by a dry season and a wet (or green) season. The timing of your visit in relation to these seasons will have a profound impact on your experience, affecting everything from wildlife sightings and landscape appearance to pricing and accessibility. Understanding this climatic rhythm is the first step in planning a successful trip to this remarkable wilderness destination. The overall climate is characterized by low rainfall, low humidity, and a large diurnal temperature range, meaning there can be a significant difference between daytime highs and nighttime lows.
The dry season runs from May to October, which corresponds with the Southern Hemisphere’s winter. This period is widely considered the best time for game viewing. During these months, rainfall is virtually non-existent, and the skies are generally clear and cloudless. The daytime temperatures are very pleasant and mild, typically ranging from 20°C to 28°C (68°F to 82°F). However, the nights and early mornings can be very cold, especially from June to August, when temperatures can drop to near freezing or even below in the Kalahari. As the season progresses, temperatures begin to rise, with September and October being the hottest and driest months, often referred to as the “suicide months” before the relief of the rains. The lack of water during this season forces animals to concentrate around permanent water sources, making them easier to find and observe.
The wet season, also known as the green season, begins in November and lasts through to April, coinciding with the summer months. This season is characterized by higher temperatures, increased humidity, and the arrival of the annual rains. The rainfall usually comes in the form of dramatic, short-lived afternoon thunderstorms, rather than continuous drizzle, so there are still many hours of sunshine. Daytime temperatures can be hot, often exceeding 32°C (90°F), especially in the months leading up to the heaviest rains in January and February. The rain transforms the parched landscape into a lush, green paradise, and this is the time when most animals give birth, attracting predators and creating dynamic safari viewing. It is also the peak season for birdwatching, as migratory species arrive in their thousands.
The transition months of April/May and October/November can offer a “best of both worlds” experience. April and May mark the end of the rains; the landscape is still green, but the weather is becoming drier and cooler. It’s a beautiful time of year with clear air and comfortable temperatures. October is very hot and dry, representing the end of the long dry season. While the heat can be intense, the game viewing can be absolutely spectacular, as the animals are heavily concentrated at the few remaining water sources. Regardless of when you visit, it is essential to pack layers of clothing to accommodate the significant temperature swings between the heat of the day and the chill of the night, a defining characteristic of Botswana’s climate.
Back to Top| Season / Months | Average Day/Night Temperature Range & Conditions |
|---|---|
| Dry Season (May – August) | 25°C / 6°C (77°F / 43°F). Pleasant, sunny days with very cold nights. Prime game viewing. |
| Late Dry Season (September – October) | 34°C / 18°C (93°F / 64°F). Very hot and dry. Exceptional but intense game viewing. |
| Green Season (November – April) | 32°C / 20°C (90°F / 68°F). Hot and humid with afternoon thunderstorms. Lush scenery, calving season. |
9. Airports, International and Domestic Flight
Botswana’s aviation network is uniquely tailored to its high-value, low-volume tourism model, with a few key airports serving as critical gateways to its vast and remote wilderness areas. The primary international airport is Sir Seretse Khama International Airport (GBE), located in the capital city, Gaborone, in the southeastern corner of the country. While GBE is the nation’s largest airport and the hub for the national carrier, Air Botswana, it is not the main entry point for most safari-goers. It primarily handles regional flights from neighboring countries like South Africa and Ethiopia, as well as government and business traffic. For tourists, Gaborone is geographically distant from the main northern safari circuits, so most international visitors will only transit through here if they are connecting to other parts of the country or have business in the capital.
The true epicenter of Botswana’s safari tourism is Maun International Airport (MUB). Situated on the southern edge of the Okavango Delta, Maun has transformed from a dusty frontier town into one of the busiest and most important safari hubs in Africa. This is the main launching point for almost all expeditions into the Delta and the Central Kalahari Game Reserve. While it receives a limited number of direct international flights from cities like Johannesburg and Cape Town, its primary function is to serve as a massive hub for the numerous light aircraft charter companies that ferry guests to and from the remote bush camps. The airport is a hive of activity, with a constant stream of Cessna Caravans and other small planes taking off and landing, creating an exciting and adventurous atmosphere from the moment you arrive. Most safari itineraries will begin and end in Maun.
In the far north of the country, Kasane Airport (BBK) serves as the other key tourism gateway. Its strategic location near the “four corners” of Africa—where Botswana, Namibia, Zambia, and Zimbabwe meet—makes it the primary entry point for visitors heading to Chobe National Park. Kasane Airport is also conveniently close to Victoria Falls in both Zimbabwe and Zambia, allowing for easy multi-country itineraries that combine a world-class safari with a visit to this natural wonder of the world. Like Maun, Kasane receives scheduled regional flights from destinations like Johannesburg and is a major base for charter flights serving the lodges in the Chobe area. The proximity to the Chobe Riverfront means that visitors can often be on a game-viewing vehicle or boat within an hour of landing.
Domestic air travel between these hubs and other parts of the country is facilitated by Air Botswana and some private charter companies. However, for tourists, the most common form of “domestic” flight is the safari charter. These flights are an integral part of the safari package and are arranged by the tour operator or lodge. The flights are short, scenic, and operate on a flexible “bush taxi” schedule. There are no large commercial domestic flights that hop between multiple safari camps. Instead, each journey is a point-to-point charter, emphasizing the exclusivity and remoteness of the experience. This highly specialized aviation network is the lifeblood of Botswana’s safari industry, providing vital access to some of the most pristine and untouched wilderness areas left on the African continent.
Back to Top10. Back Up Plan and Flight Route
Traveling to a destination as remote and wild as Botswana requires a thorough and well-considered backup plan to mitigate any potential disruptions. The absolute, non-negotiable foundation of this plan is comprehensive travel insurance. Given the high cost of a Botswana safari and the remote nature of the camps, your insurance must have excellent coverage for trip cancellation, interruption, and delays. More importantly, it must include a high level of coverage for medical emergencies and, critically, emergency medical evacuation. Medical facilities in the bush are basic, and in the event of a serious illness or injury, you would need to be airlifted to Maun or Johannesburg. Ensure your policy specifically covers this type of evacuation, as the costs can be astronomical. Keep digital and physical copies of your policy and the 24-hour emergency contact number with you at all times.
Flight disruptions are a potential issue for any long-haul trip, and having a backup strategy for your international flights is crucial. Most safari itineraries are tightly scheduled with charter flight connections, so a significant delay on your international leg can have a major knock-on effect. The main international gateways for Botswana’s northern safari circuit are Maun (MUB) and Kasane (BBK), with most flights connecting through Johannesburg (JNB) in South Africa. If your primary flight route is disrupted, it is useful to know the alternatives. Victoria Falls Airport (VFA) in Zimbabwe is very close to Kasane and serves as an excellent alternative entry point. It has good connections from various hubs and from there it’s a simple road transfer across the border to Kasane. Similarly, if there are issues with flights to Maun, consider flying into Kasane and arranging a charter flight or a lengthy road transfer from there.
Within Botswana, the safari logistics are generally very well-managed by the camps and charter companies. However, issues can still arise, such as mechanical problems with vehicles or weather that grounds light aircraft. The key here is to have booked with a reputable tour operator who has the resources and networks to handle such problems. They will be responsible for arranging alternative transport or re-routing your itinerary as needed. This is one of the major benefits of a packaged safari over a completely independent trip. It is also wise to pack a small “essentials” bag in your carry-on luggage, including a change of clothes, medication, and important documents. Luggage can sometimes be delayed or temporarily misplaced, especially with multiple connections and on small aircraft with strict weight limits.
A crucial part of your backup plan is communication. Mobile phone reception is non-existent in the safari camps. While most lodges have Wi-Fi, it can be slow and is often restricted to the main lodge area. For personal safety and peace of mind, especially if you are self-driving, renting a satellite phone is highly recommended. This ensures you can call for help in any emergency situation. Finally, the best backup plan is a flexible and patient attitude. Africa operates on its own time, and things do not always go exactly as planned. Embracing this, staying calm, and trusting in the expertise of your local guides and operators will allow you to handle any unforeseen circumstances gracefully and ensure that minor disruptions do not detract from your incredible wilderness adventure.
Back to Top| Alternative Airport Hub | Onward Travel to Botswana |
|---|---|
| Johannesburg, South Africa (JNB) | Primary hub for connecting flights to Maun and Kasane. |
| Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe (VFA) | Excellent alternative for accessing Chobe/Kasane via a short road transfer. |
| Cape Town, South Africa (CPT) | Direct flights to Maun, offering another key connection point. |
| Windhoek, Namibia (WDH) | Option for multi-country trips, with regional flights to Maun. |
11. Safety & Health
Botswana is widely regarded as one of the safest and most politically stable countries in Africa, making it an excellent destination for travelers. The country has a long history of peaceful democracy, and the crime rate is relatively low compared to many of its neighbors. In the main towns and cities like Gaborone and Maun, it is important to exercise normal common-sense precautions, such as being aware of your surroundings, avoiding walking alone in unlit areas at night, and not displaying large amounts of cash or expensive valuables. However, the vast majority of tourists will spend most of their time in remote safari camps, which are extremely safe and secure environments. These camps are isolated and staffed by professional teams, ensuring that the primary safety focus shifts from human-related risks to interactions with the natural world.
The most significant safety consideration on a Botswana safari is the wildlife. You will be in a true wilderness area with dangerous animals that roam freely, often through the unfenced safari camps. It is absolutely imperative to listen to and obey the safety briefings and instructions given by your guides and camp staff at all times. Never walk around the camp unaccompanied at night; you will always be escorted by a staff member. Do not leave food in your tent, as it can attract animals. When on a game drive vehicle, remain seated and do not make sudden loud noises that could startle an animal. When on a walking safari or in a mokoro, follow your guide’s instructions to the letter. These rules are in place for your protection. The guides are highly trained experts in animal behavior and their primary responsibility is your safety.
Health is a critical aspect to prepare for before traveling to Botswana. It is essential to consult with your doctor or a travel medicine specialist at least 4-6 weeks prior to your departure. They will provide the most up-to-date advice on required and recommended vaccinations. While there are no compulsory vaccinations for entry unless you are arriving from a Yellow Fever endemic country, it is wise to be up-to-date on routine shots like Tetanus and Hepatitis A & B. The most significant health concern for visitors to the northern safari regions, including the Okavango Delta and Chobe, is malaria. The risk is highest during the wet season (November to April) but exists year-round. Your doctor will almost certainly recommend a course of anti-malarial prophylaxis, which you must start before your trip and continue for a period after you return. Taking these medications as prescribed is crucial for preventing this serious disease.
In addition to medication, preventing mosquito bites is the best line of defense against malaria and other insect-borne illnesses. Use an effective insect repellent containing DEET on all exposed skin, especially during the peak mosquito activity times of dawn and dusk. Wear long-sleeved shirts, long trousers, and socks in the evenings to minimize exposed skin. Most safari tents and rooms are fitted with mosquito netting or screens, and you should ensure you use them. The sun can also be extremely strong, so packing high-SPF sunscreen, a wide-brimmed hat, and sunglasses is essential. Tap water in the main towns is generally safe to drink, but in the safari camps, you will be provided with filtered or bottled water. Stick to this to avoid any potential stomach upsets. By taking these sensible health and safety precautions, you can relax and fully immerse yourself in the incredible experience of a Botswana safari.
Back to Top12. Currency, Commodities & Costs
The official currency of Botswana is the Pula (BWP), which is denoted by the symbol ‘P’. The word “pula” means “rain” in the Setswana language, and since rain is a scarce and precious resource in this semi-arid country, its use for the currency signifies its value. The Pula is divided into 100 “thebe,” which means “shield.” The Pula is one of Africa’s most stable and strongest currencies. For travelers, it is useful to have some local currency for small purchases, tips, and expenses in towns like Maun or Kasane. However, the high-end safari tourism industry in Botswana widely accepts and often prices its services in US Dollars (USD). For all-inclusive safari packages, accommodation, and charter flights, payment is almost always made in USD before travel.
It is important for travelers to understand that Botswana is not a budget travel destination. The country has deliberately pursued a high-value, low-volume tourism model to protect its pristine environment and provide an exclusive experience. This means that the cost of a safari in Botswana is significantly higher than in many other African countries. The prices reflect the remoteness of the camps, the logistical challenges of operating in the wilderness, high government concession fees, and the all-inclusive nature of the stay, which typically covers accommodation, all meals, all drinks, and professionally guided safari activities. While the experience is unparalleled, visitors should budget accordingly. The costs are a direct investment in the conservation of some of the most spectacular wilderness areas on the planet.
ATMs are available in the main towns like Gaborone, Maun, and Kasane, where you can withdraw Pula using international Visa or Mastercard. It’s a good idea to withdraw any cash you might need before heading out on safari, as there are no banking facilities in the bush. Credit cards are accepted at major hotels, restaurants, and larger shops in the towns, but less so at smaller establishments or market stalls. In the safari camps, any extras like premium wines or purchases from the gift shop can usually be paid for by credit card. US Dollars are often accepted for tips and curio purchases, so carrying a supply of smaller denomination USD bills can be very useful. Currency exchange facilities are available at the airports and banks in the main towns.
Tipping is a customary practice in the Botswana safari industry and is a way to show appreciation for excellent service. However, it is not compulsory and should be done at your discretion. Most safari camps will have a communal tip box at the main lodge area where you can leave a gratuity at the end of your stay. This is then distributed among all the camp staff, including those behind the scenes like the chefs, housekeepers, and maintenance crew. It is also customary to tip your personal guide separately, as they play the most significant role in your safari experience. The recommended amounts can vary, but camps will often provide guidelines. Having cash (either Pula or USD) set aside for this purpose is important, as you cannot add a tip to a credit card payment.
Back to Top| Item / Service | Estimated Average Cost (BWP / USD) |
|---|---|
| Mid-range hotel in Maun (per night) | P1,200 – P2,000 / $100 – $170 |
| Meal at a mid-range restaurant in town | P150 – P250 / $12 – $21 |
| Bottle of local beer (St. Louis) | P20 – P30 / $1.70 – $2.50 |
| All-inclusive luxury safari camp (per person, per night) | $800 – $2,000+ |
| Guided mokoro excursion (if booked locally) | P500 – P800 / $42 – $67 |
13. Housing Rental Cost
The housing rental market in Botswana is primarily concentrated in its few urban centers, with the capital city, Gaborone, having the most developed and expensive market. The demand in Gaborone is driven by government employees, corporate professionals, and a significant expatriate community working for diplomatic missions, NGOs, and international companies. This has created a relatively high-cost rental environment compared to many other African cities. The most desirable and secure neighborhoods for expatriates in Gaborone include Phakalane, Extension 9, Extension 11, and parts of the Central Business District (CBD). These areas offer modern housing, better infrastructure, and proximity to international schools, shopping malls, and private medical facilities, but they also command the highest rental prices in the country.
The rental process is fairly straightforward, though it’s often best navigated with the help of a reputable real estate agent who understands the local market. Properties are advertised on online portals, in local newspapers, and through agents. A standard lease agreement is typically for one year, with the option to renew. Tenants are usually required to pay a security deposit, which is equivalent to one month’s rent, in addition to the first month’s rent upfront. It is important to have a detailed inventory and condition report signed by both the tenant and the landlord at the beginning of the tenancy to avoid any disputes over the return of the security deposit at the end of the lease. Most rental properties are unfurnished, so tenants should budget for the cost of furniture and appliances.
The cost of renting varies significantly based on the type of property and its location. In Gaborone, a modern two or three-bedroom apartment in a secure complex is a popular choice for many expatriates. In a prime neighborhood like Phakalane, such an apartment could rent for between P8,000 and P15,000 per month. Condominiums, which may offer additional amenities like a communal swimming pool or gym, will be at the higher end of this range. Standalone houses are also widely available and are a common choice for families needing more space. A three or four-bedroom house with a garden in a good area could range from P15,000 to P30,000 or more per month. In other towns like Maun or Francistown, rental prices are generally lower than in the capital, reflecting a less competitive market.
When considering a rental property, it is essential to factor in the additional costs beyond the monthly rent. Tenants are responsible for paying their own utilities, including water, electricity, and gas for cooking. Due to the hot climate, electricity costs can be significant, especially if the property uses air conditioning. Many upscale properties and gated communities also have monthly levies or service charges to cover the cost of security, garden maintenance, and upkeep of communal areas. Another common feature in Gaborone’s residential areas is a wall or fence around the property, often topped with electric fencing for security, which may have its own maintenance costs. These additional expenses should be carefully budgeted for when calculating the total cost of housing.
Back to Top| Property Type (in Gaborone) | Estimated Average Monthly Rent (BWP) |
|---|---|
| 2-Bedroom Apartment (Good Area) | P7,000 – P12,000 |
| 3-Bedroom Apartment (Prime Area) | P10,000 – P18,000 |
| 3-Bedroom House (Suburban) | P15,000 – P25,000 |
| 4+ Bedroom House (Gated Community) | P20,000 – P40,000+ |
14. Cost of Living
The cost of living in Botswana, particularly for an expatriate, is relatively high, especially when compared to its regional neighbors, with the exception of South Africa. While the country enjoys economic stability and a high standard of governance, its landlocked position and reliance on imports for many consumer goods contribute to higher prices. The most significant factor driving the high cost of living for foreigners is the price of accommodation in secure, desirable neighborhoods in Gaborone. This initial housing expense sets a high baseline for the overall monthly budget. For those aiming to maintain a lifestyle similar to what they would have in a Western country, the costs can be substantial, making Botswana a more expensive place to live than many might assume.
Groceries and daily commodities represent another area where costs can be high. A large percentage of the food available in supermarkets like Spar, Pick n Pay, and Choppies is imported from or through South Africa. This means that while there is a good variety of products available, they come at a higher price due to transport and import costs. Fresh produce that is locally grown, such as beef and some vegetables, is more affordable, but imported items like dairy products, certain fruits, and packaged goods can be expensive. Eating out at restaurants that cater to the expatriate and tourist market is also costly, with prices in Gaborone’s upscale restaurants being comparable to those in European cities.
For expatriate families, the cost of education is a major financial consideration. While the public school system is not typically an option for foreign children, Gaborone has several private English-medium schools that offer high-quality education and internationally recognized curricula, such as the IGCSEs and A-Levels. The most prominent among these are Maru-a-Pula School and Rainbow High School. However, the tuition fees for these institutions are very high, representing one of the largest single expenses for families. These fees, often charged in Pula but equivalent to many thousands of US dollars per year, must be factored into any long-term financial planning for those relocating to Botswana with children.
Other significant costs include transportation and healthcare. Owning and running a car is expensive due to the cost of imported vehicles, fuel, and maintenance. Many expatriates choose to buy a sturdy 4×4, which is a significant investment. Healthcare is another key area. While public healthcare is available, most expatriates opt for private medical care, which offers a higher standard of service. Private doctor’s visits, dental care, and hospital stays can be costly, making comprehensive private health insurance an absolute necessity. While Botswana’s high salaries for skilled professionals can offset some of these costs, it is crucial for anyone considering a move to be aware that maintaining an expatriate lifestyle in this peaceful and beautiful country comes with a significant price tag.
Back to Top| Category of Expense (Expatriate Lifestyle) | Estimated Monthly/Annual Cost (BWP) |
|---|---|
| Private International School Fees (per year) | P80,000 – P200,000+ |
| Monthly Groceries (Family of 4) | P8,000 – P12,000 |
| Monthly Utilities (House) | P2,000 – P4,000 |
| Comprehensive Family Health Insurance (monthly) | P3,000 – P6,000+ |
15. Shopping & Souvenirs
Shopping for souvenirs in Botswana offers a wonderful opportunity to support local communities and bring home a piece of the country’s rich artistic and cultural heritage. The nation is renowned for its exceptional quality of traditional handicrafts, which are not just tourist trinkets but genuine works of art, deeply rooted in cultural traditions and generations of skill. Unlike many other destinations, you will not find mass-produced curios here. Instead, the focus is on authentic, handmade items that reflect the natural environment and the cultural identity of the people who create them. The best places to find these crafts are at dedicated craft cooperatives and galleries in towns like Maun and Gaborone, or sometimes directly from the artisans in the villages where they are made.
The most iconic and internationally acclaimed craft from Botswana is the San basketry. Woven by women from the Hambukushu and Bayei tribes in the northwestern part of the country, these baskets are masterpieces of intricate design and skilled craftsmanship. They are woven from the fronds of the Mokola palm tree, and the natural dyes used to create the patterns are derived from roots and barks. Each basket has a unique, often symbolic design, depicting animals, nature, and aspects of daily life. The weaving is so fine and tight that the baskets can be used to hold water. Available in various shapes and sizes, from large storage baskets to smaller, decorative bowls, a Botswana basket is a truly authentic and beautiful souvenir that represents a powerful tradition of female artistry.
Another significant craft tradition is pottery, particularly from the southeastern part of the country. Villages like Thamaga and Gabane are famous for their distinctive pottery. Local artisans, mostly women, use traditional methods to shape and fire the clay, creating beautiful and functional pots, bowls, and decorative items. These pieces often feature simple, elegant designs and earthy colors, reflecting the landscape from which the clay is sourced. In the Okavango region, you can also find unique jewelry made by the San people. Using materials from their environment, they create beautiful necklaces, bracelets, and belts from ostrich eggshells, seeds, and beads. Buying these items directly from the communities provides a vital source of income and helps to preserve their ancient traditions.
In the main towns, there are several excellent places to shop for these souvenirs. In Maun, the Botswanacraft and Okavango Poler’s Trust outlets offer a wide range of high-quality baskets, carvings, and other crafts. In Gaborone, the Botswanacraft complex is a massive store that serves as a national showcase for handicrafts from all over the country, making it a convenient one-stop-shop for authentic souvenirs. You can also find wood carvings, particularly of animals, which showcase the local artistic talent. When purchasing these items, you are not just buying a souvenir; you are acquiring a piece of Botswana’s cultural soul and contributing to the sustainable livelihood of its talented artisans, making your purchase a meaningful part of your travel experience.
Back to Top16. Nightlife & Entertainment
The concepts of nightlife and entertainment in Botswana are vastly different from the bustling club scenes of major global cities and are deeply shaped by the country’s focus on nature, wilderness, and a more traditional lifestyle. For the traveler, particularly those on safari, evening entertainment is a serene and magical experience centered around the safari lodge or camp. The “nightlife” here is not about loud music and crowded bars, but about the sounds of the African bush, the warmth of a campfire, and the brilliance of a star-studded sky. The evening ritual in a safari camp is a cherished part of the experience, offering a chance to connect with fellow travelers, guides, and the natural world in a profound way.
A typical evening on safari begins at sunset, usually after returning from the afternoon game drive. Guests gather in the main lodge area or around a crackling campfire for pre-dinner drinks. This is a time for “sundowners,” a classic safari tradition, where you can enjoy a gin and tonic or a glass of wine while sharing stories of the day’s wildlife sightings with your guide and other guests. The atmosphere is relaxed and convivial, set against the backdrop of the setting sun painting the sky in hues of orange and purple. The sounds of the wilderness—the call of a distant lion, the whoop of a hyena, or the chirping of insects—provide a natural soundtrack that is far more captivating than any nightclub’s playlist.
Dinner itself is a major part of the evening’s entertainment. The safari lodges in Botswana are renowned for their surprisingly high standard of cuisine, often serving delicious three-course meals in stunning settings. You might dine in an elegant, candlelit dining room, on an open-air deck overlooking a waterhole, or in a traditional “boma,” a circular enclosure protected from the wild. After dinner, the entertainment often involves sitting around the campfire, listening to the guides share traditional stories and folklore, or learning about the constellations in the incredibly clear, unpolluted night sky. Some lodges may also arrange for performances of traditional song and dance by staff members from local communities, offering a wonderful and authentic cultural experience.
In the main towns like Gaborone and Maun, a more conventional, albeit low-key, nightlife scene exists. This is primarily centered around local restaurants, hotel bars, and a few pubs that are popular with locals and expatriates. You can enjoy a meal, listen to some live music, or watch a sports game on television. Gaborone has a few more active venues and cinemas, but even here, the scene is relaxed and far from wild. For the visitor to Botswana, the true and unforgettable “nightlife” is the immersive experience of the bush. It is about the thrill of a night game drive, searching for nocturnal creatures with a spotlight, and the profound peace of falling asleep in a comfortable tent, surrounded by the untamed sounds of the African wilderness. This is an entertainment that touches the soul and leaves a far more lasting impression than any conventional night out.
Back to Top17. Insider Travel Tips
To make the most of a safari in Botswana and to experience the country beyond a standard tourist itinerary, a few insider tips can make a world of difference. Firstly, while the dry season is justifiably famous for game viewing, do not dismiss the “green season” (November to April). Savvy travelers and professional photographers often prefer this time of year. The landscape is stunningly beautiful and green, the birdlife is extraordinary, and you will witness the emotional spectacle of newborn animals. Furthermore, it’s the low season, meaning you’ll encounter fewer other people and benefit from significantly lower prices at even the most exclusive lodges. This can make a top-tier Botswana safari more accessible and provides a more intimate and unique wilderness experience away from the peak season crowds.
When packing, the mantra is “layers.” The diurnal temperature range in Botswana is huge. It’s not uncommon to start a morning game drive in near-freezing temperatures, wrapped in a blanket, and be in a t-shirt under the hot midday sun a few hours later. Pack a mix of light-colored, lightweight clothing, a warm fleece or jacket, a beanie, and gloves, especially for the winter months (June-August). Also, most charter flights have very strict luggage limits (typically 15-20 kg per person) and require soft-sided bags without wheels for easy packing into the small aircraft. Check these restrictions carefully with your tour operator beforehand to avoid any issues at the airstrip. A good pair of binoculars is arguably the most important piece of equipment you can bring; don’t rely on sharing your guide’s pair—having your own will transform your wildlife viewing.
While the all-inclusive lodges provide a seamless experience, consider adding a few days of self-driving if you are adventurous and have 4×4 experience. Renting a fully-equipped vehicle in Maun and camping in the designated public campsites within the national parks (like Moremi or Chobe) offers a completely different and more rugged perspective. It allows you to travel at your own pace and experience the wilderness on your own terms. However, this requires meticulous planning and complete self-sufficiency. If this seems too daunting, another great option is to book a mobile camping safari. This combines the adventure of camping with the comfort of a fully serviced camp that moves with you, complete with a private guide, chef, and camp staff, offering an incredibly authentic and immersive wilderness experience.
Finally, invest in your guide. The quality of your safari guide is the single most important factor that will shape your experience. They are not just drivers; they are expert naturalists, trackers, and cultural ambassadors. When booking your trip, inquire about the guiding standards of the lodges you are considering. Once you are on safari, engage with your guide. Ask questions, show interest, and tap into their incredible wealth of knowledge. They can reveal the smaller, more subtle wonders of the bush that you might otherwise miss, from identifying bird calls to explaining the medicinal uses of plants. A good guide can turn a great safari into an extraordinary one, providing insights and creating moments that will stay with you long after you have returned home.
Back to Top18. Etiquette & Customs
Observing and respecting local etiquette and customs is a vital part of traveling responsibly in Botswana and will be deeply appreciated by its warm and welcoming people. Batswana culture places a strong emphasis on politeness, respect, and community. Greetings are an essential and unhurried part of any interaction. It is considered rude to launch directly into a question or conversation without first greeting the person properly. A polite “Dumela, rra” (Hello, sir) or “Dumela, mma” (Hello, ma’am) is the standard and appropriate way to begin. It’s also customary to ask “O tsogile jang?” (How did you wake?) or “Le kae?” (How are you?). Taking the time for these pleasantries, even with a shopkeeper or a petrol station attendant, shows respect and sets a positive tone for the interaction.
Respect for elders is a cornerstone of the culture. When interacting with an older person, it is important to show deference. This can be done through your tone of voice and by using the formal “rra” and “mma” titles. It is also a sign of respect to receive items, especially from an elder, with both hands or with your right hand while touching your left elbow with your left hand. The left hand alone is traditionally considered unclean and should not be used for giving or receiving items. This two-handed gesture of receiving is a sign of gratitude and respect that is deeply ingrained in the culture.
When visiting a village or a rural community, it is important to be mindful of local protocols. You should not just wander into a village unannounced. It is customary to first present yourself to the village chief (kgosi) at the “kgotla” (the traditional meeting place). Your guide can facilitate this. This is a sign of respect for the community’s leadership and structure. When interacting with local people, always ask for permission before taking photographs, particularly of children. While many people will be happy to be photographed, it is their right to decline, and their privacy should be respected. Public displays of affection are generally frowned upon and should be avoided.
Gift-giving is not a major part of casual interactions, but if you are invited into someone’s home, a small and thoughtful gift is appreciated, though not expected. Something practical, like a bag of fruit or sugar, is often more appropriate than a lavish gift. When offered food or drink, it is polite to accept. In general, Batswana are relatively reserved and softly spoken. Maintaining a calm and gentle demeanor, avoiding loud conversations, and dressing modestly (avoiding overly revealing clothing in towns and villages) will help you to blend in and show respect for the local culture. By being observant, polite, and respectful, you will find that the people of Botswana are incredibly friendly, patient, and happy to share their beautiful country and culture with you.
Back to Top19. Basic Language Tips
While English is an official language in Botswana and is widely spoken in the tourism industry, making an effort to learn a few basic phrases in the national language, Setswana, will be immensely appreciated and will enrich your travel experience. Language is a window into culture, and using a few local words shows respect and a genuine interest in the people you are meeting. The Batswana people are generally very friendly and encouraging, and they will be delighted by your attempts, no matter how imperfect your pronunciation. Focusing on greetings and pleasantries is the best way to start, as these are the cornerstones of polite social interaction in Botswana. A simple greeting can break the ice and lead to warmer, more memorable encounters with the local population.
Greetings are fundamentally important in Setswana culture. The most common and versatile greeting is “Dumela.” While it translates to “hello,” it is used throughout the day. It is polite to follow this with “rra” for a man or “mma” for a woman, so “Dumela, rra” (Hello, sir) and “Dumela, mma” (Hello, ma’am) are the perfect formal greetings. After the initial greeting, it is common to ask how the person is. A simple way to do this is “Le kae?” (How are you?). A typical response is “Re teng,” which means “We are here” or “We are fine.” To ask someone their name, you would say “Leina la gago ke mang?” (What is your name?), and to respond, you would say “Leina la me ke…” (My name is…).
Knowing how to express gratitude and politeness is also very important. The word for “thank you” is “Ke a leboga.” This is a very useful and appreciated phrase. If you want to say “thank you very much,” you can say “Ke a leboga thata.” The word for “please” is “Tswee-tswee.” When you want to say goodbye, you can say “Go siame” (It is okay/goodbye) or “Tsamaya sentle” if the other person is leaving (Go well). If you are the one leaving, the other person would say “Sala sentle” (Stay well). These simple courtesies are a key part of daily interactions and will be noticed and valued by the people you meet.
Having a few other practical words in your vocabulary can also be helpful. “Ee” means “yes,” and “Nnyaa” means “no.” “Go siame” can also mean “okay” or “alright.” If you want to know the price of something in a market, you can ask “Ke bokae?” (How much is it?). The word for water is “metsi,” which is very useful to know. Don’t be afraid to try these phrases out. Your guide will be an excellent teacher and can help you with pronunciation. Using these simple words will not only make your trip smoother but will also show that you are a thoughtful and respectful visitor, helping you to build a genuine connection with the wonderful people of Botswana.
Back to Top| English Phrase | Setswana Equivalent |
|---|---|
| Hello (to a man / woman) | Dumela, rra / Dumela, mma |
| How are you? | Le kae? |
| I am fine | Ke teng / Re teng |
| Thank you | Ke a leboga |
| Yes / No | Ee / Nnyaa |
| Please | Tswee-tswee |
| Goodbye (if you are staying) | Tsamaya sentle |
| Goodbye (if you are leaving) | Sala sentle |
| What is your name? | Leina la gago ke mang? |
| My name is… | Leina la me ke… |
| Okay / It’s fine | Go siame |
| I don’t know | Ga ke itse |
| Water | Metsi |
| Food | Dijo |
| Come here | Tla kwano |
| How much is it? | Ke bokae? |
| Today | Gompieno |
| Tomorrow | Kamoso |
| Lion / Elephant | Tau / Tlou |
| I love Botswana | Ke rata Botswana |
20. Useful Resources
To plan a successful and well-informed trip to Botswana, it is essential to consult a variety of reliable and up-to-date resources. The official website of the Botswana Tourism Organisation (botswanatourism.co.bw) is the best official starting point. This website provides a comprehensive overview of the country’s main destinations, from the Okavango Delta to the Central Kalahari Game Reserve. It features information on different types of activities, accommodation options, and practical travel advice. It also highlights the country’s commitment to ecotourism and conservation, giving travelers insight into the guiding principles of the nation’s tourism model. The site is a valuable resource for initial research and for understanding the official perspective on travel in Botswana.
For more detailed and practical planning, especially concerning the national parks and reserves, the website of the Department of Wildlife and National Parks (DWNP) can be useful, although it is primarily geared towards residents and self-drivers looking to book campsites. A more user-friendly resource for independent travelers is the online community and forums. The Botswana section of the TripAdvisor forums and the Africa section of the Lonely Planet Thorn Tree forum are invaluable sources of firsthand information. Here, you can ask specific questions and receive advice from a community of seasoned travelers and experts who have recently visited the country. These forums are excellent for getting up-to-date information on road conditions, park fees, and recommendations for tour operators.
When it comes to booking your safari, the websites of established and reputable tour operators are crucial resources. Companies that are members of the Hospitality and Tourism Association of Botswana (HATAB) adhere to a code of conduct and are generally reliable. Browsing the websites of well-known operators can provide you with sample itineraries, detailed descriptions of lodges and camps, and an idea of the costs involved. Many of these sites also have informative blogs with articles on wildlife, packing tips, and the best times to visit specific areas. This can help you to narrow down your choices and find an operator that matches your interests and budget.
Finally, for a deeper understanding of the country’s conservation efforts and wildlife, the websites of non-profit organizations working in Botswana are excellent resources. Organizations like Elephants Without Borders, the Botswana Predator Conservation Trust, and the Rhino Conservation Botswana provide fascinating insights into the challenges and successes of protecting the country’s natural heritage. Reading about their work can add a meaningful layer to your trip, helping you to appreciate the immense effort that goes into preserving the pristine wilderness you will be visiting. By combining information from official tourism bodies, traveler forums, reputable operators, and conservation groups, you can build a comprehensive picture of what to expect and plan a truly unforgettable Botswana adventure.
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