Faroe Islands Travel Guide

21) Brief History

The history of the Faroe Islands is a captivating saga of Viking settlement, survival in a harsh and isolated environment, and the forging of a unique and resilient national identity. Lying in the heart of the tempestuous North Atlantic Ocean, the islands’ earliest known history is shrouded in the mists of time. It is believed that the first humans to set foot on this remote archipelago were Irish monks, who arrived around the 6th century seeking solitude and a place for quiet contemplation. They left behind little evidence of their presence, save for some place names and archaeological traces of oats and barley. This monastic period was, however, short-lived. The true and lasting settlement of the Faroe Islands began in the 9th century with the arrival of Norsemen, Vikings from Norway who were either fleeing the political consolidation under King Harald Fairhair or were simply seeking new lands to farm and settle. These Viking settlers brought with them their Old Norse language, their pastoral farming traditions centered on sheep, and their sophisticated boat-building and seafaring skills, all of which would become the foundational pillars of Faroese culture.

For centuries, the Faroe Islands developed as a Norse society in relative isolation. The settlers established a form of self-government with a parliament, or ‘Althing’ (later known as the ‘Løgting’), which is one of the oldest continuous parliaments in the world, with its origins in the 9th century. In the 11th century, the islands formally converted to Christianity and came under the political influence of Norway. When Norway was united with Denmark in the 14th century, the Faroe Islands, along with Iceland and Greenland, became part of the Dano-Norwegian kingdom. This connection with Denmark would become the defining feature of the islands’ political history for the next several centuries. Life was hard, and the small population subsisted on a combination of sheep farming, fishing, and fowling. A royal trade monopoly, controlled from Copenhagen, dominated the economy for centuries, often to the detriment of the local population. Despite this, the Faroese people managed to preserve their unique language and culture, which developed in isolation from the other Nordic countries. The Faroese language, a descendant of Old Norse, remains the most distinctive marker of their national identity.

The 19th century saw a powerful wave of cultural and political awakening across Europe, and the Faroe Islands were no exception. A nationalist movement emerged, focused on the preservation and promotion of the Faroese language and culture, which had been under pressure from the Danish administration. This movement laid the groundwork for the modern push for greater political autonomy. A pivotal moment came during World War II. Following the Nazi German occupation of Denmark in 1940, the United Kingdom peacefully occupied the Faroe Islands to prevent a German takeover. This period of British occupation severed the administrative ties with Denmark for five years, forcing the Faroese to take responsibility for their own governance. This experience fostered a powerful sense of self-reliance and strengthened the desire for home rule. After the war, a referendum on independence was held in 1946, which resulted in a narrow victory for independence. However, the result was contested, and instead, the Home Rule Act of 1948 was passed, granting the Faroe Islands a high degree of self-government within the Kingdom of Denmark. Since then, the Faroe Islands has continued to develop as a modern and prosperous society, with a dynamic economy based on its rich fishing resources, and it remains a proud and distinct nation with a unique and vibrant culture.

22) Geography

The geography of the Faroe Islands is dramatic, raw, and utterly spectacular, defined by its remote location in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean and its volcanic origins. The archipelago is situated roughly halfway between Norway and Iceland, and northwest of Scotland. It consists of 18 main islands and a multitude of smaller islets and sea stacks, all of which are the exposed tops of a submarine volcanic ridge. The total land area is a mere 1,399 square kilometers, but these islands are scattered across a wide expanse of ocean, and no point on any of the islands is more than five kilometers from the sea. This profound and ever-present connection to the ocean has shaped every aspect of Faroese life, from its economy and culture to its weather and its very soul. The landscape is a breathtaking panorama of steep, rugged mountains, deep fjords, and towering sea cliffs that plunge dramatically into the churning Atlantic. The islands are of volcanic basaltic rock, sculpted over millions of years by the relentless forces of glaciers, wind, and waves, which have carved out a landscape of incredible beauty and raw power.

The islands are characterized by a distinct lack of trees. The cool summers, strong winds, and the grazing of sheep have prevented the natural growth of forests, resulting in a landscape that is dominated by a vibrant green carpet of grass covering the steep mountain slopes. This treeless and open terrain offers vast, uninterrupted panoramic views from almost anywhere on the islands. The coastline is incredibly indented and complex, with a network of deep, narrow fjords (‘fjørður’) and sounds (‘sund’) that separate the islands and provide sheltered harbors for the many small and colorful fishing villages that cling to the coast. The cliffs, particularly on the western and northern coasts, are among the highest sea cliffs in Europe, providing nesting sites for millions of seabirds, including puffins, guillemots, and gannets. The islands are also notable for their many waterfalls, which often cascade directly over the cliffs into the ocean below, a truly spectacular sight, especially after heavy rain. There are no long rivers, but the landscape is dotted with numerous small lakes and streams.

The climate of the Faroe Islands is classified as subpolar oceanic, characterized by its mild winters, cool summers, and its extreme changeability. The weather is famously unpredictable; it is often said that you can experience all four seasons in a single day. The islands are almost constantly overcast and are subject to frequent rain, fog, and strong winds. However, the influence of the warm Gulf Stream current keeps the climate relatively mild for its high latitude, with winter temperatures rarely dropping far below freezing. This climate, while challenging, is what gives the islands their lush, green appearance and their dramatic, moody atmosphere. The largest and most populous island is Streymoy, which is home to the nation’s capital, Tórshavn. The islands are remarkably well-connected by an impressive network of sub-sea tunnels, bridges, and causeways, as well as a comprehensive ferry system, which makes travel between most of the islands surprisingly easy and efficient. This infrastructure is a testament to the Faroese people’s ingenuity in mastering their challenging and beautiful geographical environment.

23) Politics and Government

The political system of the Faroe Islands is that of a self-governing parliamentary democracy, operating under a unique constitutional arrangement within the Kingdom of Denmark. This system, established by the Home Rule Act of 1948, grants the Faroe Islands extensive autonomy and sovereignty over the vast majority of its internal affairs. The Danish government in Copenhagen retains control over a few key areas, most notably defense, foreign policy, and the justice and currency systems. However, even in the area of foreign policy, the Faroe Islands has gained an increasing degree of autonomy, with the ability to negotiate and conclude treaties on its own behalf in matters that fall under its legislative authority, such as fisheries and trade. This arrangement has allowed the Faroe Islands to develop as a distinct and self-reliant political entity, with its own parliament, government, and flag, while still being part of the Danish Realm.

The government of the Faroe Islands is based on the principles of the Westminster system. The legislative branch is the ‘Løgting’, one of the oldest parliaments in the world. The Løgting is a unicameral parliament with 33 members who are elected by the public for a four-year term through a system of proportional representation. The Løgting is the supreme legislative body in the country, responsible for passing laws on all matters that fall under Faroese jurisdiction. The political landscape is characterized by a vibrant and competitive multi-party system. A key and enduring feature of Faroese politics is the division between parties that support the continuation of the current union with Denmark and those that advocate for full independence. This fundamental constitutional question is a recurring theme in political debate. The executive power is held by the Government of the Faroe Islands (‘Landsstýrið’), which is led by the Prime Minister (‘Løgmaður’). The Prime Minister is the head of government and is the leader of the political party or, more commonly, the coalition of parties that can command a majority of support in the Løgting. The Prime Minister appoints the other ministers of the cabinet, who are responsible for the various government departments.

The head of state is the monarch of Denmark, King Frederik X, who is represented in the Faroe Islands by a High Commissioner (‘Rigsombudsmanden’). The High Commissioner’s role is to act as the formal link between the Faroese and Danish governments. In addition to their own parliament and government, the Faroese people also elect two representatives to the Danish Parliament (‘Folketinget’) in Copenhagen to ensure that their voice is heard in matters that are still under Danish jurisdiction. The political system is characterized by its stability, its commitment to democratic principles, and a high degree of social consensus. The country has a comprehensive Nordic-style welfare system, with a strong emphasis on social equality and public services. The political culture is one of pragmatism and cooperation, a necessity for governing a small and close-knit island community that is dependent on its ability to work together to overcome the challenges of its remote and demanding environment.

24) Law and Criminal Justice

The legal system of the Faroe Islands is a distinct and autonomous system that operates within the broader framework of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is based on the Danish legal tradition, which is a part of the Nordic civil law family. The supreme law of the land is the Danish Constitution, but the Home Rule Act of 1948 transferred legislative power over a vast range of domestic matters to the Faroese Parliament, the ‘Løgting’. This means that for most areas of law that affect the daily lives of the Faroese people—such as taxation, trade, industry, and social welfare—the laws are written and passed by the Løgting in the Faroese language. In areas that have not been transferred to Faroese authority, such as the justice system, policing, and parts of the penal code, Danish law applies. This creates a complex but well-functioning legal landscape where both Faroese and Danish statutes are in effect. The legal system is characterized by its adherence to the rule of law, the protection of fundamental rights, and a high degree of transparency and predictability.

The judicial system is integrated with the Danish system. The court of first instance in the Faroe Islands is the Court of the Faroe Islands, located in the capital, Tórshavn. This court handles all civil and criminal cases in the country. The judges at this court are appointed by the Danish monarch upon the recommendation of the Danish Minister of Justice. Decisions from the Court of the Faroe Islands can be appealed to the High Court of the Eastern Denmark (‘Østre Landsret’) in Copenhagen. The final court of appeal is the Supreme Court of Denmark, also in Copenhagen. This integration with the Danish judicial system ensures a high level of judicial expertise and provides a robust system of appeals, guaranteeing the rights of all individuals to a fair and thorough legal process. The legal profession in the Faroe Islands is well-developed, with a number of local law firms providing legal services to individuals and to the country’s significant fishing and maritime industries.

The criminal justice system is administered by the Faroe Islands Police, which is a distinct police district within the national Police of Denmark. The police are responsible for law enforcement, maintaining public order, and investigating crimes. The Faroe Islands is widely regarded as an extremely safe country with a very low crime rate, particularly for violent crime. The criminal justice process follows the principles of Danish law, with a strong emphasis on due process, the rights of the accused, and the presumption of innocence. The prosecution service is also part of the Danish system. The overall legal and judicial framework of the Faroe Islands is modern, efficient, and fully compliant with the highest European standards for human rights and the rule of law. It provides a secure and stable environment for its citizens and businesses, while also reflecting the unique self-governing status of the nation within the Danish Realm.

25) Foreign Relations

The foreign relations of the Faroe Islands are a unique and evolving aspect of its national identity, shaped by its constitutional status as a self-governing nation within the Kingdom of Denmark. According to the Home Rule Act, the Danish government is formally responsible for the foreign affairs and defense of the entire Danish Realm, which includes the Faroe Islands. However, over the past few decades, the Faroe Islands has gained a significant and ever-increasing degree of autonomy in conducting its own foreign relations, particularly in areas that fall under its own legislative authority. This has been formalized in treaties and agreements between the Faroese and Danish governments, which recognize the Faroe Islands’ capacity to negotiate and conclude international agreements on its own behalf. This pragmatic and flexible approach has allowed the Faroe Islands to pursue its own distinct international interests, which are primarily focused on trade, fisheries, and regional cooperation, while still benefiting from the diplomatic network and support of the Kingdom of Denmark.

The cornerstone of the Faroe Islands’ foreign policy is the management of its single most important resource: its rich and sustainable fisheries. The country has its own exclusive fishing zone and is responsible for the management and conservation of its fish stocks. This has made it a major player in international fisheries management organizations in the North Atlantic. The Faroe Islands actively negotiates its own bilateral and multilateral fisheries agreements with other coastal states, such as the European Union, the United Kingdom, Norway, and Iceland. These negotiations are vital to the health of the Faroese economy and are conducted directly by the Faroese government. In the realm of trade, the Faroe Islands has also forged its own path. Notably, the Faroe Islands is not a member of the European Union, unlike Denmark. The Faroese people chose not to join the EU in the 1970s, primarily to maintain control over their own fisheries policy. Instead, the Faroe Islands has its own independent trade agreements with the EU and other countries, allowing it to tailor its trade relationships to its specific economic needs.

Beyond fisheries and trade, the Faroe Islands is an active participant in a range of regional and international forums. It is a full member of the Nordic Council, where it cooperates closely with its Nordic neighbors on a wide range of issues, from culture and education to environmental protection. The country is also focused on strengthening its relationships with its closest neighbors in the North Atlantic, including Iceland, Greenland, Scotland, and Norway, with whom it shares many cultural and economic interests. The Faroe Islands has a keen interest in Arctic affairs and is an active observer in the Arctic Council. In recent years, the Faroese government has expanded its diplomatic presence, opening representative offices in key cities like Copenhagen, London, Brussels, Moscow, and Beijing to promote its economic and cultural interests. The foreign policy of the Faroe Islands is thus a dynamic and pragmatic endeavor, demonstrating how a small, self-governing nation can successfully carve out its own distinct and respected voice on the world stage.

26) Administrative Divisions

The administrative structure of the Faroe Islands is characterized by a system of local self-government through municipalities, known in the Faroese language as ‘kommunur’. This system is the foundation of local governance and is responsible for the delivery of a wide range of public services to communities across the 18 islands. The country is not divided into larger provinces or states; the municipalities are the only administrative layer below the national government. This creates a relatively flat and decentralized administrative structure, which is well-suited to a small and geographically dispersed island nation. The system of municipalities has a long history, but it has undergone a significant process of reform and consolidation in recent years. At the beginning of the 21st century, there were nearly 50 small municipalities, many of them with very small populations. A government-led reform has encouraged these smaller municipalities to merge, creating larger and more financially viable administrative units that are better equipped to provide a high standard of public services.

Today, the Faroe Islands is divided into 29 municipalities. These municipalities vary greatly in size and population, from the largest, Tórshavn Municipality, which includes the capital city and has a population of over 20,000 people, to the smallest municipalities on remote islands like Fugloy, which has fewer than 50 residents. Each municipality is a self-governing entity with its own democratically elected municipal council. The members of the council are elected by the residents of the municipality for a four-year term. The council is led by a Mayor, who is typically elected from among the council members. The municipal councils have a significant degree of autonomy and are responsible for a wide range of important local services. This includes the management of primary schools and childcare facilities, social services for the elderly and disabled, local roads and utilities, and cultural and recreational facilities, such as libraries and sports halls. They are also responsible for local planning and development.

The municipalities are funded through a combination of local income taxes, which they are empowered to levy, and grants from the national government. This system of local self-government is a vital part of the Faroese democratic tradition. It ensures that decisions on local matters are made by people who live in the community and understand its specific needs. It fosters a strong sense of local identity and civic engagement, as the municipal councils are the level of government that is closest to the people. The administrative structure of the Faroe Islands, with its network of autonomous and democratically-run municipalities, is a testament to the nation’s commitment to grassroots democracy and its pragmatic approach to governing a unique and challenging island territory.

27) Economy & Commodities

The economy of the Faroe Islands is a small, prosperous, and highly specialized modern economy that is overwhelmingly dominated by one crucial sector: the fishing industry. This industry is the undisputed engine of the Faroese economy, the foundation upon which the nation’s high standard of living is built. The cold, clean waters of the North Atlantic that surround the islands are rich in a variety of fish stocks, and the Faroese have developed a world-class and technologically advanced fishing and aquaculture industry to harvest these resources sustainably. The fishing industry, in all its forms, accounts for the vast majority of the country’s export earnings, often exceeding 95% of the total. The main species caught by the Faroese fleet are cod, haddock, saithe, mackerel, and herring. In addition to the wild-catch fishery, the aquaculture industry, particularly the farming of Atlantic salmon, has grown to become a hugely important and valuable part of the economy. Faroese farmed salmon is renowned for its high quality and is exported to markets all over the world.

The economy’s heavy reliance on the fishing industry makes it highly vulnerable to fluctuations in global fish prices and the health of the fish stocks. To mitigate this risk, the Faroese have focused on sustainability and innovation. The country has a sophisticated and scientifically-based fisheries management system, which sets annual quotas to ensure that the stocks are not overfished. The industry has also moved up the value chain, with a strong focus on processing the fish domestically to produce high-quality fillets, frozen products, and other value-added goods, rather than just exporting the raw fish. Beyond the fishing industry itself, a whole ecosystem of related businesses has developed to support it. This includes shipbuilding and repair yards, the manufacturing of advanced fishing gear and processing equipment, and a wide range of maritime services. This has created a highly skilled and specialized industrial base, centered around the needs of the maritime sector.

While the fishing industry is the dominant force, the Faroe Islands has a modern and well-developed service sector that supports the local population. This includes a robust public sector that provides a comprehensive Nordic-style welfare system, with free education and healthcare. The tourism industry is a small but rapidly growing part of the economy. Visitors are attracted to the islands’ stunning and unspoiled natural beauty, its unique birdlife, and its vibrant culture. The government is actively promoting the development of sustainable, high-value tourism, focusing on activities like hiking, birdwatching, and cultural experiences. The country’s primary commodity is fish, in all its forms. It has very few natural resources on land. There have been explorations for oil and gas in the waters around the Faroe Islands, but so far, no commercially viable discoveries have been made. The economy is also supported by an annual grant from Denmark, although this now represents a small and declining percentage of the country’s GDP as the local economy has grown stronger. The fundamental challenge for the Faroe Islands is to continue to manage its precious fish stocks sustainably while seeking to diversify its economy to create a more resilient and prosperous future.

28) Science and Technology

Science and technology in the Faroe Islands are primarily focused on fields that are of direct relevance to the nation’s unique environment, its economy, and the health of its people. The most significant and internationally recognized area of scientific research is in marine science and fisheries biology. Given that the fishing industry is the absolute bedrock of the Faroese economy, a deep scientific understanding of the marine ecosystem is not just an academic pursuit but a matter of national survival. The Faroe Marine Research Institute (‘Havstovan’) is the key institution in this field. Its scientists conduct extensive research and monitoring of the fish stocks in Faroese waters, as well as studying the broader oceanographic conditions, plankton, and the impacts of climate change on the marine environment. This research provides the crucial scientific advice that underpins the government’s sustainable fisheries management policies, ensuring that this vital resource can be harvested for generations to come. The Faroe Islands is a world leader in this field and actively collaborates with marine research institutes across the North Atlantic.

Another unique and important area of scientific research in the Faroe Islands is in the field of human genetics and public health. The relatively isolated and homogeneous nature of the Faroese population for many centuries has created a unique genetic profile. This has made the population a valuable subject for genetic research, as it can make it easier to identify genetic markers for certain diseases. The Faroese Genetic Biobank is a national resource that contains genetic information from a large portion of the population, and it is used for research into both inherited diseases and the interplay between genetics, environment, and health. The country has also been the site of a long-running and world-renowned study on the health effects of exposure to environmental contaminants found in the traditional Faroese diet, which includes pilot whale meat and seabirds. This research has provided crucial insights into the impacts of pollutants on human development and health.

In the realm of applied technology, the Faroe Islands has demonstrated a remarkable capacity for innovation, particularly in engineering and infrastructure. The country’s challenging and rugged geography has driven the development of world-class expertise in the construction of sub-sea road tunnels. The Faroe Islands has one of the most extensive networks of such tunnels in the world, connecting its many islands and dramatically improving its internal transportation system. The most recent of these, the Eysturoyartunnilin, is famous for featuring the world’s first underwater roundabout. In the fishing industry, Faroese companies are at the forefront of developing and using advanced technology, from sophisticated fish-finding sonar on their vessels to highly automated processing and aquaculture facilities on land. The country has also invested heavily in modern telecommunications infrastructure, with a network of submarine fiber optic cables providing high-speed internet across the islands, a vital tool for connecting this remote nation to the global economy and the international scientific community.

29) Philosophy

The guiding philosophy of the Faroe Islands is a powerful and resilient worldview that has been forged in the crucible of its remote geography, its harsh North Atlantic environment, and its unique cultural history. It is a philosophy that is not typically found in formal academic texts but is deeply embedded in the social fabric of the nation, shaping its values, its community life, and its relationship with the natural world. At the very core of this philosophy is a profound and unshakeable connection to the sea. For a nation where no one is ever more than a few kilometers from the ocean, the sea is not just a backdrop; it is the source of life, the primary provider of sustenance and wealth, and a constant, powerful force that demands respect. This has instilled a deep-seated pragmatism and a respect for the power of nature. The philosophy is one of resilience, of learning to live with and adapt to the unpredictable and often unforgiving forces of the ocean and the weather. This has fostered a culture of hard work, self-reliance, and a quiet determination to not just survive but to thrive in a challenging environment.

A second fundamental pillar of the Faroese philosophy is the immense value placed on community and social cohesion. In a small, isolated society where people have historically depended on each other for their survival, a strong sense of community (‘felagsskapur’) is paramount. This is a philosophy of mutual support and shared responsibility. It is evident in the strong family ties that form the bedrock of society and in the close-knit nature of the villages that are dotted around the islands’ coasts. This collective spirit is also seen in the tradition of ‘heimablídni’, where local families open their homes to visitors to share a traditional home-cooked meal, an act of hospitality that is about much more than just food; it is about sharing culture and creating personal connections. This communitarian philosophy is balanced with a strong sense of individualism and a fiercely independent spirit. Having maintained their own language and culture for over a thousand years, despite being part of larger kingdoms, the Faroese have a powerful sense of their own distinct identity and a deep-seated desire to control their own destiny.

This philosophy is also deeply influenced by the nation’s strong Christian faith, primarily Lutheranism, which is interwoven with the older, more traditional values. This faith provides a strong moral compass for society and reinforces the values of community, family, and social responsibility. In the modern era, the Faroese philosophy has also come to embrace a profound sense of environmental stewardship. Recognizing that their prosperity and their very way of life depend on the health of the ocean, there is a growing and powerful commitment to sustainability. This is not just an abstract policy but a deeply felt responsibility to care for the marine environment and to manage its precious resources wisely for the benefit of future generations. This blend of pragmatism, resilience, community spirit, independence, and a deep respect for nature is the defining philosophy that has guided the Faroese people through their long history and continues to shape their future.

30) Cultural Etiquette

Understanding and respecting the cultural etiquette of the Faroe Islands is a wonderful way for visitors to connect with the local culture and to experience the genuine warmth and hospitality of its people. Faroese society is modern and progressive, but it is also a close-knit community where traditional values of politeness, modesty, and respect are highly valued. A key aspect of daily etiquette is the greeting. A friendly handshake is the standard greeting when meeting someone for the first time, accompanied by direct eye contact and a smile. It is customary to shake hands with everyone present, including children. The common verbal greetings are “Góðan dag” (Good day) or the more informal “Hey” or “Hallo.” When you are invited to a Faroese home, it is a sign of great hospitality and is an opportunity to experience the local culture in a very personal way. You should always arrive on time, as punctuality is valued. It is a firm custom to remove your shoes upon entering a private home. Your hosts will usually have slippers available for you to wear. It is also a thoughtful gesture to bring a small gift for your hosts, such as a box of chocolates, a bottle of wine, or flowers for the hostess.

When dining, table manners are generally in line with those of other Nordic and European countries. You should wait for your host to say “Vælgagnist” (the Faroese equivalent of “bon appétit”) before you begin eating. It is polite to keep your hands on the table (but not your elbows) during the meal. The Faroese are incredibly generous hosts, and you will likely be offered a wide variety of food, including traditional dishes. It is a sign of appreciation to try everything you are offered. One of the most unique and cherished cultural experiences is the ‘heimablídni’, which means “home hospitality.” This is an arrangement where you can dine in a local family’s home, often on a traditional sheep farm. This is a very special and intimate experience, and it is important to be a gracious and engaged guest. The Faroese are generally reserved and not overly expressive upon first meeting, but they are incredibly friendly, welcoming, and curious once the ice is broken. They appreciate a genuine interest in their culture, their language, and their way of life.

In public, the Faroese are generally modest and respectful. The pace of life is relaxed, and there is a strong sense of trust and community. It is not uncommon for people to leave their homes and cars unlocked. When out hiking in the countryside, it is important to respect the natural environment and private property. The land is used for sheep grazing, so you should always stick to the marked paths, close any gates you pass through, and be careful not to disturb the sheep. The weather in the Faroe Islands is famously changeable, and it is a sign of both common sense and respect for the powerful natural environment to be well-prepared with waterproof and warm clothing when you venture out. By being mindful of these simple points of etiquette, visitors can show their respect for the Faroese way of life and will be rewarded with an incredibly warm and authentic travel experience in this unique and beautiful corner of the world.

31) Sports and Recreation

Sports and recreation are a vital and passionate part of life and culture in the Faroe Islands, providing a focus for community, a source of national pride, and a way to stay active in a challenging North Atlantic environment. The most popular and passionately followed sport in the nation, by a significant margin, is football (soccer). For a small nation of just over 50,000 people, the Faroe Islands has a remarkable footballing infrastructure and a deep-seated love for the game. The country has its own professional league, the Faroe Islands Premier League, and the national football team is a source of immense national pride. While the team is an underdog in international competitions, their matches, particularly those played at the national stadium, Tórsvøllur, in Tórshavn, are major events that draw passionate crowds. The team’s occasional victories or draws against much larger European nations are celebrated as heroic achievements and are testament to the determination and fighting spirit of the Faroese people. The sport is played by people of all ages, with clubs in almost every town and village, making it a key part of the social fabric of the nation.

While football is king, another sport that is deeply ingrained in the Faroese cultural identity is rowing. Traditional Faroese boat racing, or ‘kappróður’, is the national sport. This is a highly competitive and prestigious sport that uses traditional wooden clinker-built boats, which are direct descendants of the Viking longboats. The races are held during the summer at village festivals across the islands, culminating in the national championships at the Ólavsøka festival in Tórshavn in late July. The races are an exhilarating spectacle of strength, teamwork, and endurance, with crews of men and women from different towns and villages competing for honor and glory. The sport is a powerful and living link to the nation’s seafaring past and a vibrant celebration of its maritime heritage. Handball is another very popular indoor team sport, particularly during the long, dark winters, with a strong national league and a dedicated following.

The dramatic and unspoiled natural landscape of the Faroe Islands provides a spectacular playground for a wide range of outdoor recreational activities. Hiking is arguably the most popular form of recreation for both locals and visitors. The country is crisscrossed by a network of ancient walking paths that once connected the villages, offering breathtaking routes along coastal cliffs, up grassy mountains, and through remote valleys. The views are consistently spectacular, offering panoramic vistas of the ocean, fjords, and neighboring islands. For the more adventurous, the islands also offer opportunities for trail running, rock climbing, and sea kayaking. The rich birdlife, particularly the large colonies of puffins, guillemots, and other seabirds that nest on the cliffs, makes the Faroe Islands a world-class destination for birdwatching. Despite the cold water, surfing has also gained a small but dedicated following, with experienced surfers drawn to the challenge of the powerful Atlantic swells. This deep love for both organized sports and outdoor recreation is a defining feature of the healthy and active lifestyle of the Faroese people.

32) Environmental Concerns

The Faroe Islands, a nation whose identity and economy are inextricably linked to its pristine and dramatic natural environment, faces a number of significant environmental challenges, many of which are shared with other remote and fragile ecosystems around the world. The most overarching and significant of these threats is climate change. As an archipelago in the North Atlantic, the Faroe Islands is on the front line of the impacts of a warming ocean. Changes in sea temperatures and ocean currents have the potential to disrupt the delicate marine ecosystems and alter the distribution of the fish stocks upon which the entire Faroese economy depends. The country is also experiencing more frequent and intense storms, which can pose a threat to infrastructure and the vital aquaculture industry. While the islands are not as vulnerable to sea-level rise as low-lying atolls, coastal erosion is still a concern. The government and the scientific community are actively monitoring these changes and working to develop strategies to adapt to the impacts of climate change on their marine resources and society.

Another significant environmental challenge is the management of waste and the prevention of pollution. For a small and isolated island nation, the disposal of solid waste is a complex logistical and environmental issue. The country has made significant strides in modernizing its waste management systems, with a focus on recycling and incineration to generate energy. However, preventing plastic pollution in the marine environment is a major and ongoing priority. The ocean currents that surround the Faroe Islands can bring marine litter from far-flung parts of the Atlantic, and the government and local communities are actively engaged in beach clean-up campaigns and initiatives to reduce the local consumption of single-use plastics. Another environmental issue that has drawn significant international attention is the traditional practice of pilot whaling, known as the ‘grindadráp’. While the Faroese defend the practice as a sustainable, non-commercial, and culturally significant part of their traditional food system, it is a subject of intense controversy and is strongly opposed by international animal welfare organizations.

In response to these challenges, the Faroe Islands has a strong and growing commitment to environmental conservation and sustainable development. This is not just a matter of policy but is deeply ingrained in the culture and the understanding that the long-term well-being of the nation depends on the health of its natural environment. The country has a world-class, scientifically-based fisheries management system that is designed to ensure the sustainability of its most vital economic resource. There is also a strong focus on transitioning to a green and sustainable energy system. The Faroe Islands has set ambitious goals to generate 100% of its electricity from renewable sources by 2030, primarily through a combination of hydropower, wind power, and tidal energy. This transition is not only crucial for reducing the country’s carbon footprint but also for enhancing its energy security and reducing its reliance on imported fossil fuels. This proactive and forward-thinking approach to environmental stewardship is a key part of the modern Faroese identity.

33) Marriage & Courtship

Marriage and courtship in the Faroe Islands are a reflection of a modern Nordic society that also cherishes its traditional values of family and community. The process of courtship is very similar to that in other Western European countries. Couples meet through social circles, at school, at work, or increasingly through online dating. The decision to marry is a personal one made by the couple. While family approval is generally welcomed, it is not the formal and essential requirement it might be in more traditional societies. Cohabitation before marriage is very common and widely accepted, and many couples have children together before they decide to get married. The legal age for marriage is 18, and the country has recognized same-sex marriage since 2017, reflecting its progressive social values. The wedding ceremony itself can be either a civil ceremony, which takes place at a town hall, or a religious ceremony, which is typically held in one of the country’s beautiful and historic churches. The Evangelical Lutheran Church is the state church and the venue for most religious weddings.

While the formal process may be modern, a Faroese wedding is a major and joyous celebration that is steeped in tradition and involves the entire community. The celebration, known as a ‘brúdleyp’, is a large and festive affair that can last for two or three days. The centerpiece of the celebration is the wedding feast, a massive banquet that features an abundance of traditional Faroese food. After the feast, the highlight of the evening is the traditional Faroese chain dance. This is not a dance for couples but a communal dance where everyone joins hands in a long, meandering chain, singing traditional ballads, or ‘kvæði’, that tell ancient stories of heroes and sagas. This dance is a powerful and unifying experience that connects the wedding celebration to the deep cultural roots of the nation. The wedding is a testament to the importance of family, community, and tradition in Faroese society, a vibrant and heartfelt celebration that brings together generations to share in the couple’s happiness.

34) Work Opportunities

The landscape of work opportunities in the Faroe Islands is highly specialized and is inextricably linked to the nation’s dominant industries and its unique economic structure. The primary driver of the Faroese economy and the largest source of employment is the fishing and aquaculture industry. This sector offers a wide range of jobs, not just for fishermen on the modern trawlers and for workers in the salmon farms, but also for a vast ecosystem of onshore support industries. This includes a large number of jobs in the fish processing plants, which prepare and package the fish for export. There are also significant opportunities for skilled professionals in related fields, such as marine engineering, naval architecture, and the manufacturing of advanced fishing gear and aquaculture technology. The country’s expertise in the maritime sector is world-class, creating a demand for a highly skilled and specialized workforce.

Beyond the fishing industry, the public sector is another major employer. The Faroese government, with its comprehensive Nordic-style welfare system, provides a wide range of jobs in public administration, education, healthcare, and infrastructure development. The construction industry is also a significant source of employment, driven by both public infrastructure projects, such as the construction of new sub-sea tunnels, and private residential and commercial development. A small but rapidly growing sector for work opportunities is the tourism industry. As the Faroe Islands gains international recognition as a unique and stunning travel destination, there is a growing demand for people to work in hotels, guesthouses, restaurants, and as tour guides, particularly for activities like hiking and birdwatching. For foreign nationals, work opportunities in the Faroe Islands are available but are subject to a specific work and residence permit system. As the Faroe Islands is not part of the EU, the rules for EU citizens are different from those in Denmark proper. All non-Danish citizens who are not from another Nordic country must obtain a work permit to be employed in the Faroe Islands. This process is managed by the Danish immigration authorities in cooperation with the Faroese authorities.

The government’s policy is to prioritize the local labor force, so employers are often required to demonstrate that they have been unable to find a suitable Faroese candidate before they can hire a foreign national. However, there is a demand for skilled foreign workers in certain fields where there is a local shortage. This includes a need for professionals in the healthcare sector, such as doctors and nurses, as well as for some specialized roles in the fishing industry and in engineering. The country’s small but growing IT and finance sectors also offer some opportunities for skilled professionals. The combination of a strong, specialized economy, a very low unemployment rate, and a high quality of life makes the Faroe Islands an attractive, albeit niche, destination for those with the right skills and a desire to live and work in a unique and beautiful environment.

35) Education

The education system in the Faroe Islands is of a very high standard, providing free and comprehensive education to all residents. The system is administered by the Ministry of Education, Research, and Culture and is designed to provide a strong academic foundation while also preserving and promoting the unique Faroese language and culture. The structure of the system is similar to that of other Nordic countries. Education is compulsory for nine years, starting from the age of seven, in the ‘Fólkaskúli’, which is the primary and lower secondary school. The language of instruction is Faroese, but Danish is a compulsory subject from an early age, and English is also introduced in primary school. This ensures that students become trilingual, which is essential for communication and for pursuing higher education and opportunities abroad. After completing their compulsory education, students have several options for their upper secondary education. The most common path is the three-year general upper secondary school (‘Miðnám á Kambsdali’ or ‘Glasir – Tórshavn College’), which prepares students for the final school-leaving examinations that are the prerequisite for university entrance. There are also a number of excellent vocational schools that provide practical training in fields such as business, maritime studies, and fisheries technology, equipping young people with the skills needed for the local job market.

At the tertiary level, the Faroe Islands has its own national university, the University of the Faroe Islands (‘Fróðskaparsetur Føroya’), located in the capital, Tórshavn. The university offers a range of bachelor’s, master’s, and PhD programs in a variety of subjects, with a particular strength in fields that are of relevance to the Faroe Islands, such as Faroese language and literature, marine biology, and social sciences. This allows students to pursue a high-quality university education in their home country. However, for a wider range of specialized or advanced degree programs, it is very common for Faroese students to study abroad, particularly in Denmark. Due to the constitutional relationship, Faroese students have the same rights as Danish citizens to study at Danish universities, and they are eligible for grants from the Danish state education fund. Many students also choose to study in other Nordic countries or in the United Kingdom. This tradition of studying abroad provides young Faroese people with valuable international experience and expertise, which they then bring back to contribute to the development of their home society. The commitment to providing a high-quality, accessible, and internationally-oriented education system is a key factor in the success and high standard of living of the Faroe Islands.

36) Communication & Connectivity

Communication and connectivity in the Faroe Islands are surprisingly advanced and robust, a testament to the nation’s ingenuity and commitment to overcoming the challenges of its remote and rugged geographical location. The telecommunications infrastructure is modern, reliable, and provides excellent connectivity across the entire archipelago, ensuring that this remote North Atlantic nation is fully integrated into the global digital network. The country has made significant investments in building a state-of-the-art communication system, recognizing that it is absolutely vital for its modern economy, its international business dealings, and the social well-being of its dispersed island communities. There are two main telecommunication providers in the country, Føroya Tele and Hey, which offer a full range of mobile and broadband services. The competition between these providers has resulted in high-quality services and good value for consumers.

The Faroe Islands is connected to the global internet backbone by a network of submarine fiber optic cables that link it to Iceland, Scotland, and Denmark. This provides a high-capacity and resilient international connection, which is the foundation for the country’s excellent broadband services. High-speed fiber-optic internet is widely available to homes and businesses, particularly in the more populated areas, offering speeds that are on par with or even exceed those found in many larger European countries. For travelers, this means that Wi-Fi is a standard and generally fast and reliable amenity in almost all hotels, guesthouses, and cafes. This makes it incredibly easy to stay in touch, work remotely, and share the stunning photos of your trip. The excellent digital infrastructure is a key asset that supports the country’s growing tourism industry and its sophisticated, globally-oriented fishing and aquaculture businesses.

Mobile connectivity is also excellent. The mobile networks provide extensive 4G and growing 5G coverage that reaches a remarkable 99% of the population, including most of the remote villages and even some of the sub-sea road tunnels. This ensures that you can almost always get a reliable mobile signal and fast data speeds, even when you are in what feels like the middle of nowhere. For visitors, the most convenient and cost-effective way to stay connected is to purchase a local prepaid SIM card. These are readily available at the airport upon arrival or at the stores of the mobile operators in Tórshavn. This is a much cheaper option than using international roaming, especially for visitors from outside of Europe. The combination of a world-class fiber optic network and comprehensive mobile coverage ensures that the Faroe Islands, despite its isolation, is one of the most well-connected places in the world, a truly “connected archipelago.”

37) National Symbols

The national symbols of the Faroe Islands are a powerful and cherished representation of the nation’s unique identity, its deep connection to the North Atlantic environment, and its rich Norse heritage. These symbols are a source of great national pride and are deeply woven into the fabric of Faroese life. The most prominent and beloved of these is the national flag, known as “Merkið.” The flag features a white field with a red Nordic cross, which is offset to the left and fimbriated (bordered) in blue. The white color is said to symbolize the foaming waves of the ocean and the pure, clean air of the islands. The red and blue are traditional colors found in Faroese and other Nordic folk costumes. The flag was designed by Faroese students in 1919 and was first officially recognized by the British during their occupation of the islands in World War II. It is a powerful symbol of the nation’s distinct identity and its cultural and historical links to the other Nordic countries.

The Coat of Arms of the Faroe Islands has a long history and features a ram (‘veðrur’) on a blue shield. The ram is a traditional symbol of the Faroe Islands, as sheep farming has been a cornerstone of the Faroese way of life for over a thousand years. The name “Faroe Islands” itself is believed to mean “Sheep Islands” in Old Norse. The current version of the Coat of Arms was adopted in 2004 and is based on a depiction of a ram found on a 15th-century chair in the historic village of Kirkjubøur. The national anthem is “Tú alfagra land mítt” (“Thou fairest land of mine”), a beautiful and patriotic song with lyrics that celebrate the stunning and rugged beauty of the Faroese landscape. The anthem evokes a deep sense of love for the homeland and a connection to the natural environment.

The natural world provides a host of other important national symbols. The national bird is the Tjaldur, or the Eurasian Oystercatcher. The arrival of the oystercatcher in the Faroe Islands in the spring is a major event, celebrated on March 12th as a public holiday, as it signals the beginning of the warmer seasons. The national flower is the Sólja, or the Marsh Marigold, a bright yellow flower that brings a splash of color to the green landscape in the spring. In the realm of culture, the traditional Faroese chain dance, with its accompanying ballads (‘kvæði’), is a powerful symbol of the nation’s living cultural heritage. The traditional wooden clinker-built boat, a direct descendant of the Viking longship, is another key symbol, representing the nation’s seafaring past and the vital importance of the ocean. These symbols, from the flag and the ram to the oystercatcher and the chain dance, all contribute to the strong and unique identity of the Faroese people, a proud and resilient nation in the heart of the North Atlantic.

Symbol	Representation
National Flag	“Merkið,” a white field with a red and blue Nordic cross, symbolizing the sea, air, and Nordic heritage.
Coat of Arms	A ram (‘veðrur’) on a blue shield, representing the “Sheep Islands” and their pastoral heritage.
National Anthem	“Tú alfagra land mítt” (Thou fairest land of mine), celebrating the beauty of the Faroese landscape.
National Bird	Tjaldur (Eurasian Oystercatcher), whose arrival in spring is celebrated as a national holiday.
National Flower	Sólja (Marsh Marigold), a bright yellow flower that blooms in the spring.
National Sport	Kappróður (traditional boat racing), celebrating the nation’s seafaring heritage.
Cultural Symbol	The Faroese Chain Dance, a living link to the medieval ballad traditions of Europe.
Symbolic Animal	The Faroese Sheep, a hardy breed that is central to the country’s history, culture, and landscape.

38) Tourism

Tourism in the Faroe Islands is a rapidly growing and increasingly important sector of the economy, attracting adventurous and nature-loving travelers from around the world who are drawn to the archipelago’s stunning, unspoiled, and otherworldly landscapes. The islands are being marketed as a destination that is “unspoiled, unexplored, unbelievable,” a tagline that perfectly captures the essence of the Faroese travel experience. The tourism product is not focused on conventional sun and sand holidays but on offering a deep and authentic immersion into a world of raw, dramatic nature and a unique and vibrant culture. The main draw for visitors is, without a doubt, the spectacular scenery. The Faroe Islands offer a breathtaking panorama of steep, green mountains, plunging sea cliffs, cascading waterfalls, and deep, tranquil fjords. It is a paradise for hikers, photographers, and anyone seeking to escape the crowds and connect with nature in its purest form. Iconic sights include the “floating lake” of Sørvágsvatn, the dramatic sea stacks of Drangarnir and Risin og Kellingin, the impossibly picturesque village of Gjógv with its natural harbor, and the stunning sea-arch of Múlafossur waterfall. The islands are also a world-class destination for birdwatching. The towering cliffs, particularly on the island of Mykines, are home to vast colonies of seabirds, including thousands of charismatic puffins, which visitors can observe up close during the summer months.

Beyond the natural wonders, the Faroe Islands offers a rich and unique cultural experience. The capital city, Tórshavn, is one of the smallest and most charming capitals in the world, with a historic old town, known as ‘Reyn’, filled with traditional turf-roofed houses. The country has a vibrant music scene, a growing reputation for its unique “New Nordic” cuisine, which is based on local, seasonal ingredients like lamb and seafood, and a strong tradition of arts and crafts, particularly knitting. A unique and highly recommended cultural experience is a ‘heimablídni’, which means “home hospitality.” This is an opportunity to dine in the home of a local family, often on a sheep farm, and to enjoy a traditional, home-cooked Faroese meal while learning about the local way of life. The government and the tourism industry are deeply committed to promoting sustainable and responsible tourism. They have implemented a unique initiative called “Closed for Maintenance, Open for Voluntourism,” where the country symbolically “closes” for a weekend to all tourists except for a number of volunteers who come to help maintain hiking paths and build infrastructure, a testament to the national desire to preserve the pristine environment that makes the Faroe Islands so special.

39) Visa and Entry Requirements

Navigating the visa and entry requirements for the Faroe Islands is a relatively straightforward process, but it has a crucial and unique aspect that all travelers must be aware of. The Faroe Islands is a self-governing nation within the Kingdom of Denmark, but it is not a part of the Schengen Area, unlike Denmark itself. This is the most important piece of information for any prospective visitor to understand. This means that a Schengen visa issued for travel to European Schengen countries is not valid for entry into the Faroe Islands. Travelers who require a visa must ensure that they have a specific visa that is valid for the Faroe Islands. The entry and visa policy is administered by the Danish immigration authorities, but the rules are distinct from those for the Schengen zone. All visitors to the Faroe Islands must hold a valid passport, which should be valid for at least three months beyond their intended date of departure.

For citizens of a large number of countries, a visa is not required for a stay of up to 90 days. This includes citizens of the other Nordic countries, who can enter and reside freely. It also includes citizens of most European Union countries, as well as citizens of the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and the United Kingdom, among others. These nationals can enter the Faroe Islands for tourism or business purposes for up to 90 days within a 180-day period without needing to apply for a visa in advance. For these travelers, the entry process is simple, requiring only a valid passport. It is important to note, however, that because the Faroe Islands is outside the Schengen Area, travelers arriving from or departing to a Schengen country, such as Denmark or Iceland, will have to pass through immigration and passport control, even if they are just transiting. This is a key difference from travel between two Schengen countries.

For citizens of countries that do require a visa, the application process must be handled in advance of travel through a Danish embassy or consulate. When applying, it is absolutely essential to specify that the visa is for the Faroe Islands. The application form will have a specific box to tick for this purpose. If you are also visiting a Schengen country like Denmark, you will need to apply for a visa that is valid for both the Schengen Area and the Faroe Islands. The application process will typically require a completed application form, a valid passport, passport-sized photos, proof of travel arrangements (such as flight or ferry tickets), proof of accommodation, and proof of sufficient financial means for your stay. Because visa policies can change, it is always a prudent and necessary step to check the specific and most up-to-date requirements on the official website of the Danish Immigration Service or by contacting the nearest Danish diplomatic mission well in advance of making any travel arrangements. This will ensure you have the correct documentation for a smooth and hassle-free entry into the stunning and unique Faroe Islands.

40) Useful Resources

To ensure a well-planned, safe, and unforgettable trip to the majestic Faroe Islands, it is highly recommended to consult a range of reliable resources both before you go and while you are on the ground. For the most comprehensive and inspiring travel planning information, the official website of Visit Faroe Islands is the indispensable starting point. This beautifully designed and user-friendly site is a treasure trove of information, offering detailed guides on each of the 18 islands, practical advice on transportation, and listings for accommodation, from hotels to guesthouses. It also features a wealth of articles and guides on activities, including detailed descriptions of hiking routes, information on birdwatching hotspots, and tips on experiencing the local culture. For visa and entry requirements, the definitive source is the official website of the Danish Immigration Service (New to Denmark), as they handle the visa policy for the Faroe Islands. This site will give you the most current information on which nationalities require a visa and the specific application procedures.

For getting around the islands, the national transport company, Strandfaraskip Landsins, is a vital resource. Their website provides comprehensive and up-to-date timetables for the extensive network of public buses and ferries that connect the islands. This is an excellent and affordable way to travel, and the website’s journey planner can help you coordinate your travels seamlessly. For those who prefer to drive, renting a car is a very popular option, providing the ultimate flexibility to explore at your own pace. The road network is excellent, including the impressive sub-sea tunnels. For weather, which is a major factor in any trip to the Faroe Islands, it is essential to check the forecast regularly. The website of the Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) provides detailed and reliable forecasts for the region. For hiking, the official hiking guide published by Visit Faroe Islands is an essential resource, providing details on trail difficulty, duration, and safety advice. It is crucial to be well-prepared for the changeable weather and to follow the safety guidelines for hiking in this rugged terrain.

The currency of the Faroe Islands is the Faroese króna, which is pegged 1:1 to the Danish krone (DKK). Danish currency is accepted everywhere in the Faroe Islands. ATMs are widely available in the towns, and credit cards are accepted in most hotels, restaurants, and shops. However, it is always a good idea to have some cash on hand, especially if you are visiting smaller villages. For local news and events, local media outlets can provide a sense of what is happening on the islands. In terms of communication, the mobile network coverage is excellent across the islands, and purchasing a local SIM card is an easy way to stay connected. Finally, one of the best resources is the local people themselves. The Faroese are known for their friendliness and helpfulness. Don’t be afraid to ask for directions or recommendations at a local tourist information center or from the people you meet. Their local knowledge and hospitality will undoubtedly enrich your experience in this unique and spectacular corner of the world.

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