Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia. It is the world’s fifth-most populous country with a population exceeding 207.8 million. In area, it is the 33rd-largest country, spanning 881,913 square kilometres.

Panama is a country on the isthmus that connects Central and Southern America. It is cut in two by the famous Panama Canal, an artificial engineering enterprise that created a crucial navigable passage between the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans. The capital Panama City includes modern skyscrapers, casinos and nightclubs that contrast with the colonial architecture of the Casco Viejo neighborhood or the rainforest of Natural Metropolitan Park.

Papua New Guinea, southwest of the Pacific, includes the eastern region of New Guinea and its islands. Characterized by a vast biological and cultural diversity, it is famous for its beaches and coral reefs. Inland there are active volcanoes, Mount Wilhelm, in granite, a dense rainforest, hiking trails such as the Kokoda Trail and also local tribe villages, many of which still speak their own language.

Paraguay is a landlocked country bordering Argentina, Brazil and Bolivia, with large swampy areas, tropical forests and the Gran Chaco, a wild territory that includes savannahs and bushes. The capital, Asunción, overlooks the Paraguay River and is home to the majestic Government Palace and the Museo del Barro, where pre-Columbian pottery and ñandutí lace are displayed, available in many shops.

Patagonia is a region that occupies the extreme south of Latin America. The Andes chain forms the border between the Argentine and the Chilean parts. While the former is characterized by arid steppes, grasslands and deserts, the latter, the Chilean, has glacial fjords and rain forests. The famous Argentine highway RN-40 overcomes Mount Fitz Roy and the Perito Moreno Glacier in Los Glaciares National Park.

The Pitcairn islands are an archipelago made up of four volcanic islands, located in the southern Pacific ocean. The islands are part of the British overseas territories, of which only the island of Pitcairn, the second largest, is inhabited.

Portugal is a southern European country located on the Iberian Peninsula, bordering Spain. Its position on the Atlantic Ocean has greatly influenced its culture: cod and grilled sardines are national dishes, the beaches of the Algarve welcome many visitors and much of the architecture of the country dates back to the period between the 1500s and 800, when Portugal was a powerful maritime empire.