Travel Guide: Palau

21) Brief History

The history of Palau is a rich narrative of ancient migrations, complex social structures, and a succession of foreign administrations, culminating in its emergence as a sovereign nation with a unique and influential voice on the world stage. The first inhabitants of these islands arrived approximately 3,000 to 4,000 years ago, likely migrating from Island Southeast Asia. Over centuries, they developed a sophisticated and highly organized society based on matrilineal clans, with a complex system of chiefs and a deep connection to the sea. This early society left behind remarkable archaeological treasures, including the impressive stone monoliths on Babeldaob and the extensive terraced hillsides, which speak to a well-established and resourceful civilization long before European contact. Palauan culture, with its emphasis on reciprocity, respect for elders, and intricate social obligations, was forged during this long period of relative isolation.

The first recorded European contact occurred in 1783 with the shipwreck of the English vessel Antelope, commanded by Captain Henry Wilson. This encounter was notably peaceful and cooperative, setting a different tone from many other first contacts in the Pacific. However, the 19th century brought more intensive interaction with the outside world, as Spain, Great Britain, and Germany vied for influence in the region. Spain formally claimed the islands, but its control was minimal. Following Spain’s defeat in the Spanish-American War, the islands were sold to Germany in 1899. The German administration focused on developing coconut plantations and phosphate mining. This period was short-lived, as Japan seized the islands at the beginning of World War I in 1914 and was later granted a mandate to govern them by the League of Nations. The Japanese period saw significant development, with the establishment of infrastructure, schools, and a major administrative center in Koror, but it also brought about significant social and cultural changes for the Palauan people.

Palau’s strategic location made it a key battleground during World War II. The island of Peleliu was the site of one of the war’s deadliest and most brutal battles between American and Japanese forces in 1944. After the war, Palau became part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (TTPI), administered by the United States on behalf of the United Nations. This period brought significant American influence on the political and economic life of the islands. After a long and complex journey towards self-determination, which included voting against joining the Federated States of Micronesia, Palau adopted its own constitution in 1981. A key feature of this constitution was its anti-nuclear clause, which complicated negotiations with the U.S. After several referendums, the Republic of Palau finally became a sovereign and independent nation on October 1, 1994, upon entering into a Compact of Free Association with the United States, a relationship that continues to define its political and economic landscape today.

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22) Geography

The geography of the Republic of Palau is a breathtaking spectacle of tropical marine beauty, a sprawling archipelago located in the western Pacific Ocean. The country is part of the larger Micronesia region and consists of over 340 islands, although only a handful are inhabited. These islands are clustered together within a single barrier reef system, creating a diverse range of geological formations and stunning landscapes. The main island group can be broadly categorized into two types. The largest island, Babeldaob, is a high volcanic island, characterized by rolling hills, dense rainforests, extensive mangrove systems, and the country’s largest river, the Ngermeskang. Babeldaob is home to the nation’s capital, Ngerulmud, and its topography offers a stark contrast to the rest of the archipelago.

The most famous and iconic geographical feature of Palau is the Rock Islands Southern Lagoon, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This area comprises hundreds of small, uninhabited, mushroom-shaped limestone islands, which are ancient coral reefs that have been uplifted and sculpted by erosion. These jungle-clad islands are dotted throughout a vast, turquoise lagoon, creating a labyrinth of stunning beauty. The Rock Islands are not only visually spectacular but also contain a wealth of unique ecosystems. They are home to over 50 marine lakes—secluded bodies of seawater separated from the ocean—each with its own unique and evolving marine life. The most famous of these is Jellyfish Lake, which contains millions of non-stinging golden jellyfish that migrate across the lake daily, following the arc of the sun. This remarkable geological and biological diversity makes the Rock Islands a global treasure.

Beyond the high island of Babeldaob and the limestone Rock Islands, Palau’s geography also includes several low-lying coral atolls, such as Kayangel to the north and the remote Southwest Islands. These atolls are classic Pacific paradises, composed of narrow strips of sand and coral encircling a central lagoon. They are extremely vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and sea-level rise. The nation is surrounded by some of the most biodiverse coral reefs on the planet, often referred to as one of the “Seven Underwater Wonders of the World.” These reefs support an incredible abundance of marine life, making Palau a premier destination for scuba diving and snorkeling. The entire geography, from the volcanic hills of Babeldaob to the limestone islets and the pristine coral atolls, is a testament to the power of nature and the foundation of Palauan culture and economy.

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23) Politics and Government

The government of the Republic of Palau operates as a constitutional republic with a political system that blends elements of both the American presidential system and traditional Palauan governance. The country is a sovereign state in a special relationship of free association with the United States. The political framework is defined by the Constitution of 1981, which establishes a democratic government with a separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. This structure was heavily influenced by the U.S. model during Palau’s time as a Trust Territory, and it provides a robust system of checks and balances. The constitution also uniquely incorporates the role of traditional leaders, ensuring that Palauan custom has a formal place within the modern state.

The executive branch is led by the President of Palau, who is both the head of state and the head of government. The President, along with the Vice President, is directly elected by a popular vote for a four-year term and is limited to two consecutive terms. The President has the authority to appoint a cabinet of ministers, who head the various government ministries and are responsible for the day-to-day administration of the country. These cabinet appointments must be confirmed by the Senate. The President’s powers include enforcing the laws, managing foreign policy in consultation with the legislature, and serving as the commander-in-chief of the nation’s security forces.

Legislative power is vested in the bicameral Olbiil Era Kelulau (OEK), which is the national congress of Palau. The OEK consists of two houses: the Senate and the House of Delegates. The Senate is composed of 13 members who are elected on a nationwide basis for four-year terms. The House of Delegates has 16 members, with one delegate elected from each of Palau’s sixteen states, also for four-year terms. The OEK is responsible for creating and passing laws, approving the national budget, and providing oversight of the executive branch. A unique feature of the Palauan political system is the formal recognition of traditional leaders. The Council of Chiefs, composed of the highest traditional chiefs from each of the sixteen states, serves as an official advisory body to the President on matters concerning traditional laws and customs. This ensures that the deep-rooted cultural heritage of Palau continues to influence and guide the modern democratic government.

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24) Law and Criminal Justice

The legal system of the Republic of Palau is a complex and fascinating hybrid, drawing its principles from three distinct sources: the statutory laws and common law tradition inherited from the United States, the civil law influences from previous Spanish and German administrations, and the deeply entrenched Palauan customary law. The supreme law of the land is the Constitution of Palau, adopted in 1981. It establishes the framework for the government and contains a comprehensive bill of rights. The primary body of written law consists of the Palau National Code, which codifies the statutes passed by the national legislature, the Olbiil Era Kelulau. In areas where there is no specific statute, the principles of American common law are generally applied, meaning that judicial decisions in past cases can serve as precedent for future rulings.

A vital and co-equal part of the legal landscape is Palauan customary law. The constitution explicitly recognizes the authority of custom and tradition and mandates that the courts must consider customary law when it is relevant to a case. This is particularly important in areas such as land ownership, inheritance, and social disputes. The traditional system of governance, with its chiefs and clans, has its own methods of dispute resolution that are often used to resolve conflicts at the community level before they reach the formal court system. The judiciary is tasked with the complex role of harmonizing these different legal traditions, ensuring that modern statutes and constitutional rights are upheld while also respecting the long-standing customs that form the bedrock of Palauan society.

The judicial branch is an independent arm of the government, structured in three tiers. The Court of Common Pleas and the Land Court handle specific types of cases at the trial level. The Trial Division of the Supreme Court is the court of general jurisdiction, hearing more serious civil and criminal matters. The highest court is the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, which hears appeals from the lower courts. Law enforcement is the responsibility of the Bureau of Public Safety, which includes the police force. The criminal justice system in Palau benefits from the country’s small, close-knit society, and crime rates, particularly violent crime, are relatively low. The system seeks to balance the need for public order with the principles of justice and rehabilitation, often within a community context that reflects both modern and traditional Palauan values.

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25) Foreign Relations

The foreign policy of the Republic of Palau is fundamentally shaped by its unique political status as a sovereign nation in a Compact of Free Association (COFA) with the United States. This agreement, which came into effect upon Palau’s independence in 1994, is the cornerstone of its foreign and security policy. Under the terms of the Compact, the United States has full authority and responsibility for Palau’s defense and security matters. In return, Palau receives substantial financial assistance from the U.S., which is crucial for its government budget, and its citizens have the right to live, work, and study in the United States as non-immigrants. This arrangement provides Palau with a security guarantee from a global superpower, allowing it to focus its resources on domestic priorities. The U.S. also maintains the right to establish military facilities in Palau, a right which has gained renewed strategic importance in the 21st century.

While the U.S. is responsible for defense, Palau conducts its own foreign policy in all other areas and is an active member of the international community. It is a full member of the United Nations and participates in numerous regional and international organizations. A key focus of its diplomacy is its engagement with other Pacific Island nations through bodies like the Pacific Islands Forum (PIF). In these forums, Palau is a leading and influential voice, particularly on the issue of ocean conservation and climate change. As a low-lying island nation, Palau is acutely vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, and it has championed ambitious international action to address this existential threat. Its groundbreaking environmental policies, such as the creation of the Palau National Marine Sanctuary, have given it significant moral authority and a prominent platform on the world stage.

In the broader Asia-Pacific region, Palau maintains diplomatic relations with a number of countries, including Japan, Australia, and the Philippines. A defining feature of its foreign policy has been its consistent diplomatic recognition of Taiwan (Republic of China) instead of the People’s Republic of China. Palau is one of the few remaining countries in the world to maintain this stance, which has resulted in strong economic and development partnerships with Taiwan. This position, however, has also created political and economic pressure from mainland China. Overall, Palau’s foreign policy is a pragmatic balancing act, leveraging its strategic partnership with the United States, its leadership on environmental issues, and its specific alliances to navigate the complex geopolitical landscape of the Pacific and to secure its future as a sovereign and prosperous nation.

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26) Administrative Divisions

The administrative structure of the Republic of Palau is based on a system of states, which are the primary and only level of sub-national government. The country is divided into sixteen states, each with its own distinct history, traditions, and governmental structure. This system is a reflection of the ancient political geography of the islands, with the states corresponding to the traditional village-states and municipalities that have existed for centuries. Each of the sixteen states is recognized in the national constitution and has its own state constitution, a governor, and a state legislature. This federal-like structure grants a significant degree of autonomy to the individual states to manage their local affairs, a system that respects the deep-rooted local identities and allegiances that characterize Palauan society.

The size and population of these states vary dramatically. The state of Koror, which contains the former capital and the country’s main commercial center, is the most populous state by a large margin, home to the majority of the nation’s residents. In contrast, some of the states are extremely small, with very few inhabitants. The states of Hatohobei and Sonsorol, which make up the remote Southwest Islands, are the two least populous states, each with a population of fewer than 50 people. The largest state by land area is Babeldaob, the main island, which is itself divided into ten separate states, including Melekeok State, the location of the new national capital, Ngerulmud. The remaining states include Peleliu and Angaur to the south, and the atoll of Kayangel to the north.

Each state government is responsible for a range of local matters, including passing local ordinances, managing public property within its borders, and promoting local culture and economic development. The state legislatures are typically unicameral, and the governor is the head of the state’s executive branch. This system of state-based governance ensures that local communities have a direct say in their own affairs and that the unique traditions of each region are preserved. It also creates a complex political landscape, where national politics are often influenced by the interests and alliances of the various state governments. This decentralized administrative structure is a hallmark of the Palauan political system, balancing the need for a unified national government with a strong respect for local autonomy and traditional authority.

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27) Economy & Commodities

The economy of the Republic of Palau is a small, developing economy that is heavily reliant on a few key sectors: tourism, foreign aid from the United States, and subsistence agriculture and fishing. The most significant driver of the private sector economy is tourism. Palau’s spectacular natural beauty, particularly its world-renowned marine environment, attracts tens of thousands of visitors each year. The tourism industry is centered on high-end, niche markets, primarily scuba diving, snorkeling, and eco-tourism. The country’s pristine coral reefs, abundant marine life, and unique attractions like Jellyfish Lake have made it a bucket-list destination for underwater enthusiasts from around the world. This industry supports a wide range of businesses, including hotels, resorts, dive shops, tour operators, and restaurants, and it is the largest source of private sector employment.

The second pillar of the Palauan economy is the financial assistance it receives from the United States under the Compact of Free Association (COFA). These annual payments are a crucial source of funding for the government of Palau and are used to support the public sector, including healthcare, education, and infrastructure. The public sector is the largest single employer in the country, and the COFA funds are therefore vital for maintaining public services and overall economic stability. This reliance on external aid, however, also makes the economy vulnerable to changes in U.S. policy and creates challenges for achieving long-term fiscal independence. The government has established a trust fund with contributions from the U.S. to provide a source of revenue after the main economic provisions of the Compact expire.

Beyond tourism and foreign aid, the economy is based on a foundation of subsistence and artisanal activities. For many Palauans, particularly those living outside the main commercial center of Koror, subsistence agriculture and fishing remain essential for their livelihoods. They rely on growing crops like taro, cassava, and sweet potatoes in small family gardens, and on fishing in the lagoons and reefs for their daily food supply. The main commercial agricultural product is copra (dried coconut meat), and there is also a small commercial fishing industry that exports high-grade tuna to markets in Japan and elsewhere. The economy’s main commodities are therefore not industrial goods, but rather the services provided to tourists and the licenses sold to foreign fishing fleets, highlighting the nation’s dependence on its natural environment and its strategic partnerships.

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28) Science and Technology

The scientific landscape in Palau is almost entirely dedicated to one critical field: marine biology and environmental conservation. The nation’s extraordinary marine biodiversity and its pioneering conservation policies have transformed it into a world-renowned center for marine research. Palau is essentially a living laboratory for studying coral reef ecosystems, marine protected areas, and the impacts of climate change on the ocean. The country’s pristine reefs, which have shown remarkable resilience to global bleaching events, attract scientists from around the globe who come to study the factors that contribute to reef health and to learn lessons that can be applied to degraded reefs elsewhere. The Palau International Coral Reef Center (PICRC) is a state-of-the-art research and aquarium facility that serves as the hub for this scientific activity. It conducts cutting-edge research on coral biology, fisheries management, and the effectiveness of marine protected areas.

A key focus of scientific research in Palau is the study and management of its groundbreaking national conservation policies. The most significant of these is the Palau National Marine Sanctuary (PNMS), which was established in 2015 and designated 80% of the nation’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) as a fully protected “no-take” marine reserve. This ambitious policy is one of the largest of its kind in the world and has become a major case study for marine scientists and conservationists globally. Researchers are closely monitoring the impacts of the sanctuary on fish stocks, marine biodiversity, and the long-term health of the ecosystem. The science generated from the PNMS is crucial for demonstrating the benefits of large-scale marine protection and for guiding conservation efforts worldwide. Palau’s unique marine lakes, such as the famous Jellyfish Lake, also provide scientists with unique opportunities to study evolution and adaptation in isolated marine environments.

In terms of technology, Palau is focused on adopting technologies that support its goals of sustainability and environmental protection. There is a strong push towards renewable energy, with the government aiming to increase the use of solar power to reduce the country’s heavy reliance on expensive, imported diesel fuel for electricity generation. This involves installing solar panels on government buildings, schools, and homes. Technology also plays a vital role in the enforcement and monitoring of the marine sanctuary, with satellite surveillance and other technologies being used to patrol its vast ocean territory against illegal fishing. While Palau is not a center for technological development in the traditional sense, it is a global leader in the application of science and technology to achieve ambitious and innovative environmental conservation.

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29) Philosophy

The philosophical worldview of Palau is a rich and deeply-rooted system of values that emphasizes the interconnectedness of people, the land, and the sea. It is a philosophy that has been passed down through generations, not in written texts, but through oral histories, cultural practices, and a complex system of social obligations. At the very heart of Palauan philosophy is the concept of “bul,” which can be translated as conservation, respect, and stewardship. Traditionally, the council of chiefs could declare a “bul” on a particular reef or fishing ground, prohibiting any harvesting for a period of time to allow the ecosystem to recover. This ancient practice demonstrates a profound, long-standing understanding of the need for sustainable resource management and a philosophy of living in harmony with nature, rather than simply exploiting it. This principle of “bul” is the philosophical foundation for Palau’s modern, world-leading conservation policies.

Another core tenet of Palauan philosophy is the importance of the community and the intricate web of relationships that bind it together. The society is traditionally matrilineal, meaning that clan identity, land, and titles are passed down through the mother’s side of the family. This creates a strong sense of collective identity and responsibility. An individual’s standing in the community is not just based on personal achievement, but on their ability to fulfill their obligations to their clan and their community. The concept of “chelebucheb,” or reciprocity, is central to this. It is the understanding that favors and support given will be returned in the future, creating a strong social safety net and reinforcing the bonds of community. This philosophy prioritizes the well-being of the group over the desires of the individual.

Respect, or “omengull,” is another pillar of the Palauan worldview. This includes respect for elders, who are seen as the repositories of knowledge and wisdom; respect for traditional leaders and the established social hierarchy; and respect for the natural environment. This philosophy is embedded in the Palauan language and daily interactions. In the modern era, Palau is grappling with the challenge of balancing these traditional values with the influences of Western culture and a globalized economy. The national identity and philosophy are therefore in a constant state of negotiation, striving to preserve the ancient wisdom of “bul” and “chelebucheb” while navigating the complexities of the 21st century. This commitment to maintaining its cultural and environmental heritage is the guiding philosophy for the nation’s future.

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30) Cultural Etiquette

Visitors to Palau will discover a culture that is warm, welcoming, and built on a strong foundation of respect and community. Understanding the local etiquette is key to interacting gracefully with the Palauan people and showing appreciation for their rich heritage. The most important cultural value is respect (“omengull”), which permeates all aspects of social interaction. This is especially true when it comes to elders. Elders are deeply revered as the keepers of wisdom and tradition, and they should always be treated with the utmost deference. It is polite to greet elders first, to listen when they speak, and to never interrupt them. A quiet, calm, and humble demeanor is highly valued in Palauan society. Loud voices, aggressive gestures, and public displays of anger are considered very poor manners and are disruptive to social harmony.

Greetings are an important part of daily life. A simple and friendly “alii” (pronounced ah-lee) is the universal Palauan greeting for “hello.” When meeting someone, a gentle handshake and a warm smile are appropriate. It is considered polite to inquire about someone’s well-being. Modesty is another key aspect of Palauan etiquette, particularly in dress. While resort wear is acceptable in tourist areas, when visiting a village, a town, or someone’s home, it is important to dress conservatively. Both men and women should ensure their shoulders and knees are covered. Beachwear should be reserved for the beach or boat, and it is considered inappropriate to walk through a village in just a swimsuit. This respect for modest dress is a sign of respect for the community.

When visiting a Palauan home, it is customary to remove your shoes before entering. If you are offered food or drink, it is polite to accept, as hospitality is a cornerstone of the culture. Sharing food is a common practice and a way of strengthening social bonds. It is also important to be mindful of the local environment, which is deeply cherished by the Palauan people. The “Palau Pledge,” which visitors are required to sign upon arrival, is a commitment to act in an environmentally responsible way. This includes not touching or stepping on coral, not taking any natural souvenirs from the marine or terrestrial environments, and respecting the conservation laws. By observing these customs and demonstrating a genuine respect for the people, their culture, and their pristine environment, visitors will be rewarded with an incredibly warm and authentic Palauan welcome.

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31) Sports and Recreation

The world of sports and recreation in Palau is a vibrant reflection of its American-influenced modern culture and its deep-rooted connection to the surrounding ocean. The most popular organized sport in the country is baseball. Introduced during the American administration period, the sport has become a national passion. The Asahi Field in Koror is the main venue for the Palau Major League, and baseball games are a major community event, drawing enthusiastic crowds and fostering a strong sense of local team pride. The country has a national baseball team that competes with success in regional competitions like the Micronesian Games and the Pacific Games, and the sport is a source of considerable national pride.

Alongside baseball, basketball also has a very strong following, particularly among the youth. Basketball courts can be found in communities across the islands and are a hub of social activity in the evenings. The national basketball team also competes regionally, and there is a great deal of local interest in the sport. Other popular sports include volleyball, which is played both on courts and on the beach, and softball. Outrigger canoe racing is another important sport, one that connects modern recreation with the ancient seafaring traditions of the Palauan people. The races are a beautiful and exciting spectacle, showcasing the skill and strength of the paddlers and celebrating the nation’s maritime heritage.

However, for most visitors, recreation in Palau is all about the water. The country is a world-class destination for a wide array of marine activities. Scuba diving is the premier recreational draw, attracting divers from all over the globe to its pristine coral reefs, dramatic drop-offs, and incredible biodiversity. Famous dive sites like Blue Corner and German Channel are legendary for their large populations of sharks, manta rays, and schooling fish. Snorkeling is equally spectacular, with countless shallow reefs and the unique experience of swimming in Jellyfish Lake. Kayaking through the labyrinth of the Rock Islands is another popular activity, offering a chance to explore hidden coves, secluded beaches, and the unique marine lakes at a slower pace. Sport fishing, sailing, and simply enjoying the stunning beauty of the beaches and lagoons are all central to the recreational life of this island paradise.

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32) Environmental Concerns

Palau is a global leader in environmental conservation, but this small island nation faces a formidable set of environmental challenges, many of which are beyond its direct control. The most significant and existential threat is climate change and the associated sea-level rise. As a nation composed of many low-lying islands and atolls, Palau is extremely vulnerable to the impacts of a rising ocean. Increased coastal erosion, saltwater intrusion into freshwater supplies, and more frequent and intense storm surges are all direct threats to the country’s infrastructure, its communities, and its limited agricultural land. The health of the nation’s coral reefs, which are the bedrock of its tourism economy and its coastal protection, is also under severe threat from rising ocean temperatures, which cause coral bleaching, and from ocean acidification.

Managing the impacts of tourism is another critical environmental concern. While tourism is the lifeblood of the Palauan economy, the influx of visitors puts pressure on the very ecosystems that attract them. The delicate coral reefs can be damaged by careless divers, boat anchors, and sunscreen pollution. The popular Jellyfish Lake has had to be closed periodically to allow its unique jellyfish population to recover from environmental stressors, some of which were linked to tourist activity. To address this, Palau has implemented some of the most innovative and forward-thinking conservation policies in the world. The “Palau Pledge,” a mandatory pledge stamped into the passport of every visitor, requires them to act in an environmentally and culturally responsible way during their stay. This is a powerful statement of the country’s commitment to sustainable tourism.

Waste management is a further challenge for a small island nation with limited land area. Disposing of solid waste in an environmentally sound way is a major logistical and financial issue. The government is working to improve recycling programs and reduce the amount of waste, particularly plastic, that ends up in its landfill or pollutes its pristine marine environment. Invasive species, both terrestrial and marine, also pose a threat to Palau’s unique native biodiversity. Despite these significant challenges, Palau’s proactive and pioneering approach to conservation, highlighted by the creation of the Palau National Marine Sanctuary—which protects 80% of its maritime territory—serves as a powerful model for the rest of the world. For Palau, environmental protection is not just a policy choice; it is a matter of national survival.

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33) Marriage & Courtship

Marriage in Palau is a deeply significant social institution, an intricate process that traditionally involves the formal union of two clans, not just two individuals. The customs surrounding courtship and marriage are complex and are a cornerstone of Palauan culture, reinforcing social structure, family ties, and the transfer of wealth and status. The most important of these customs is the “omengat,” a formal ceremony where the groom’s family presents a significant gift of Palauan money (udoud) and modern currency to the bride’s family. This is not a dowry or a bride price, but rather a highly symbolic exchange that acknowledges the value of the bride, honors her family and clan for raising her, and solidifies the new relationship between the two lineages. The omengat is a major event, involving extensive negotiations and contributions from the entire extended family of the groom, and it is a powerful demonstration of a family’s wealth, status, and respect for tradition.

The courtship process itself is traditionally discreet. Once a couple decides they wish to marry, their families become deeply involved. The “omengat” ceremony is the culmination of this process and the traditional validation of the marriage. In modern Palau, most couples will also have a Western-style wedding ceremony, often in a church, which reflects the strong Christian faith of the nation. This ceremony, with the white dress and ring exchange, often precedes the omengat. The combination of these two ceremonies—the modern and the traditional—is common, allowing couples to honor both their faith and their deep-rooted cultural heritage. The strength and support of the extended family and the clan are seen as essential for the success and stability of the marriage, and these elaborate customs serve to strengthen those crucial bonds for the new couple.

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34) Work Opportunities

The landscape of work opportunities in the Republic of Palau is shaped by its small, developing economy, which is primarily based on tourism and foreign aid. The largest employer in the country is the government. The public sector, funded in large part by the financial assistance received from the United States under the Compact of Free Association, provides a wide range of jobs in administration, education, healthcare, and public utilities. These government positions are the most stable and sought-after form of employment for many Palauan citizens and are concentrated in the main population center of Koror State and the capital, Ngerulmud.

The private sector is almost entirely driven by the tourism industry. This sector offers the most numerous job opportunities outside of the government, particularly in roles related to hospitality and marine tourism. There is a demand for staff in hotels, restaurants, and resorts, as well as for skilled professionals in the diving industry, such as dive masters, boat captains, and tour guides. The construction industry is also a significant employer, driven by the development of new tourism facilities and public infrastructure projects. A small retail sector and service businesses cater to both the local population and the tourism industry. For Palauan citizens, particularly the youth, the tourism sector provides the most accessible pathway to private sector employment.

For foreign nationals, work opportunities in Palau are very limited and highly regulated. The government’s policy prioritizes the employment of Palauan citizens, and a foreign worker can only be hired if an employer can demonstrate that there is no qualified Palauan available to fill the position. This requires obtaining a foreign worker permit from the Ministry of Justice. Expatriates are most commonly found in highly specialized roles. This includes positions such as doctors and specialized medical staff, senior hotel and resort managers, professional scuba diving instructors with specific language skills, and technical experts working on foreign-aided development projects. The legal and medical professions also employ some expatriates. For the vast majority of roles, however, the focus is on building the local workforce, making Palau a challenging job market for non-specialized foreign workers.

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35) Education

The education system in the Republic of Palau is a key priority for the nation, with the government providing free and compulsory education for all citizens from the ages of 6 to 14. The system is largely modeled on the American educational framework, a legacy of the country’s long period as a U.S.-administered Trust Territory. The Ministry of Education oversees the public school system, which serves the majority of students. The structure begins with elementary school, which runs from grade 1 to grade 8. After completing elementary school, students move on to high school for a four-year program, from grade 9 to grade 12. There is one large public high school, Palau High School, located in Koror, as well as several smaller private and religious high schools.

The curriculum is designed to provide a broad-based education, with instruction primarily in English, while also emphasizing the preservation and teaching of the Palauan language and culture. The challenges facing the education system are significant, including the need to maintain and upgrade school infrastructure, provide sufficient learning materials, and attract and retain qualified teachers, particularly in specialized subjects like math and science. The government places a strong emphasis on education as the key to the nation’s future, and a high percentage of the national budget is dedicated to the education sector. At the end of high school, students can take standardized tests, such as the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT), to qualify for higher education.

For post-secondary education, the Palau Community College (PCC) is the nation’s only institution of higher learning. PCC is a two-year community college that offers a range of associate degree programs and vocational training in fields such as nursing, business administration, liberal arts, and tourism and hospitality. The college plays a vital role in training the local workforce and providing a pathway to further education. For students wishing to pursue a four-year bachelor’s degree or more advanced studies, they must travel abroad. The United States is the most common destination for Palauan students seeking higher education, facilitated by the rights granted under the Compact of Free Association. The Palauan government also provides a robust scholarship program to support its citizens in their pursuit of higher education overseas, recognizing the need to build a highly skilled population to lead the nation’s development.

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36) Communication & Connectivity

The communication and connectivity infrastructure in Palau has undergone significant improvements in recent years, overcoming some of the immense challenges posed by its remote location in the western Pacific. The Palau National Communications Corporation (PNCC) is the sole provider of telecommunication services in the country, managing mobile, landline, and internet services. The mobile network has been upgraded to provide 4G/LTE service, which covers the main population centers of Koror and the large island of Babeldaob. This allows residents and visitors in these areas to have reliable access to mobile data for browsing, social media, and communication apps. In the more remote outer states, communication is more limited and often relies on older 2G services or satellite technology.

A major leap forward for Palau’s connectivity was the landing of a submarine fiber-optic cable in 2017. This project, largely funded by international partners, connected Palau to the global internet backbone, replacing the previous reliance on slow and expensive satellite connections. This has brought about a dramatic improvement in internet speed and reliability for the majority of the population. The PNCC offers a range of fixed-line broadband internet plans for homes and businesses, primarily through fiber-optic or DSL connections. This enhanced connectivity is crucial for the country’s key industries, particularly tourism, and for supporting education, healthcare, and government services.

For travelers, staying connected in Palau is now more convenient than ever, especially in the main tourist areas. Upon arrival at the Palau International Airport, visitors can purchase a local prepaid SIM card from the PNCC office, which is the most cost-effective way to get mobile data and make local calls. Wi-Fi is also widely available. Most hotels, resorts, restaurants, and cafes in Koror offer Wi-Fi access to their customers, though it may sometimes come at an additional cost. While the connectivity is excellent in the main population centers, it is important for travelers to be aware that once they venture out into the remote Rock Islands or the outer atolls, they will likely be without any mobile or internet signal. This provides a perfect opportunity to disconnect and fully immerse oneself in the stunning natural beauty of this island paradise.

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37) National Symbols

Symbol	Name/Description
National Flag	The flag of Palau features a light blue field representing the Pacific Ocean and the nation’s journey to sovereignty. A golden-yellow disk is set off-center towards the hoist, symbolizing the full moon, which is considered a time of peace, love, and tranquility in Palauan culture.
Seal (Coat of Arms)	The Seal of the Republic of Palau is the seal of the national congress, the Olbiil Era Kelulau. It depicts a traditional Palauan meeting house (bai) and contains the name of the congress and the title “Republic of Palau.”
National Anthem	“Belau rekid” (Our Palau) is the national anthem. The music was composed by Ymesei O. Ezekiel, with the lyrics based on a combination of works by several authors.
National Marine Animal	The Dugong (Dugong dugon), a large marine mammal, is considered a key symbol of Palau’s rich marine life. Palau has the most isolated dugong population in the world.
Architectural Symbol	The “Bai,” a traditional men’s meeting house, is the most important architectural symbol of Palau. These structures are beautifully crafted from local materials and adorned with intricate carvings and paintings that tell the stories of the village.
Flora	Palau’s flora is rich and tropical, with dense rainforests on the main island of Babeldaob. It includes a variety of hardwood trees, mangroves, and numerous species of orchids and other flowering plants.
Fauna	The fauna is most famous for its incredible marine biodiversity, with over 1,300 species of fish and 700 species of coral. The islands are also home to a variety of endemic bird species, saltwater crocodiles, and the millions of non-stinging jellyfish in Jellyfish Lake.

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38) Tourism

The tourism industry in the Republic of Palau is the lifeblood of its economy, offering visitors a chance to experience one of the most pristine and spectacular marine environments on Earth. Palau has consciously chosen a path of high-value, low-impact tourism, positioning itself as a premier destination for eco-conscious travelers and passionate scuba divers. The country’s most iconic attraction is the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Rock Islands Southern Lagoon. This breathtaking archipelago of hundreds of jungle-clad, mushroom-shaped limestone islands is a paradise for kayakers, snorkelers, and boat tourists. The islands are dotted with hidden beaches and secluded marine lakes, the most famous being Jellyfish Lake, where visitors can swim with millions of harmless, golden jellyfish in a truly surreal and unforgettable experience.

For scuba divers, Palau is a legendary, world-class destination, often referred to as one of the “Seven Underwater Wonders of the World.” Its vibrant coral reefs are teeming with an incredible diversity of life. Famous dive sites like Blue Corner and German Channel are renowned for their strong currents and the large pelagic species they attract, including huge schools of sharks, manta rays, and barracuda. The country’s waters are also home to numerous World War II wrecks, making it a top destination for wreck diving. Palau’s pioneering conservation efforts, including the creation of the world’s first shark sanctuary and the massive Palau National Marine Sanctuary, have ensured that its underwater world remains healthy and abundant, offering some of the best diving and snorkeling conditions on the planet. This commitment to conservation is a central part of the visitor experience, embodied by the mandatory “Palau Pledge” that all visitors must take to protect the natural environment.

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39) Visa and Entry Requirements

The Republic of Palau maintains a welcoming and relatively simple visa policy for international visitors, designed to facilitate its vital tourism industry. The vast majority of travelers do not need to obtain a visa in advance of their trip. Citizens of most countries, including the United States, all European Union nations, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and Japan, are granted a visa on arrival. This visa is typically valid for a stay of up to 30 days. This makes the process of entering Palau for a holiday very straightforward for most tourists. However, it is crucial to note that citizens of a few specific countries are required to obtain a visa before traveling. It is highly recommended that all travelers check the most current visa requirements with the Palau Division of Immigration or the nearest Palauan diplomatic mission well in advance of their trip.

A unique and mandatory part of the entry process for all visitors is the “Palau Pledge.” This pioneering environmental initiative requires every visitor to sign a pledge, which is stamped directly into their passport upon arrival. By signing, visitors make a formal promise to the children of Palau to act in an environmentally and culturally responsible manner during their stay. This pledge is taken very seriously and is a reflection of the nation’s deep commitment to preserving its pristine natural heritage. It is the world’s first eco-pledge of its kind and a fundamental part of the Palauan visitor experience.

All visitors arriving in Palau must have a passport that is valid for at least six months from their date of entry. They must also be in possession of a return or onward ticket to prove their intention to leave the country at the end of their stay. Upon arrival at the Palau International Airport (ROR), travelers will need to fill out an immigration and customs declaration form. There is also an environmental impact fee (often referred to as a “green fee”) that is typically included in the price of the airline ticket. Ensuring that your passport has sufficient validity and that you have a confirmed flight out of the country are the most important steps to ensure a smooth and hassle-free entry into this beautiful island nation.

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40) Useful Resources

• Republic of Palau National Government (Official)
• Pristine Paradise Palau (Official Tourism Website)
• Palau Pledge (Official Website)
• Palau International Coral Reef Center (PICRC)
• Palau Community College (PCC)
• U.S. Embassy in Palau

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